Gadolinium mungsuh Lead
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Gd
Pb
Panggil Group
0
18
14
4
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
pemblokiran f
p pemblokiran
Family unsur
lanthanide
Transisi Post-
CAS Number
7440542
33
7439921
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
- Galena Mineral ngandhut meh 87% saka logam Lead ing, Galena punika sulfide Mineral.
- Sumber kasedhiya paling saka logam Lead dina iku dening ulang batre automobile.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Unknown
Discovery
ing taun 1880
Ing Tengah Easterns (7000 SM)
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
1 * 10-6 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.000001 %
18
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
23
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
30
0.00 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
38
0.00 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
8
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
- Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing insecticides, alami rambute lan minangka aditif anti-nuthuk kanggo bensin. Nanging kabeh iki dilarang déning pamaréntah minangka logam Lead dikenal kanggo ngrugekake kanggo kesehatan.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
ora Sumadhiya
0.21 Sang / mg dm-3
11
ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya
30.00 ppm
10
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,311.00 ° C
35
327.50 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
3,233.00 ° C
25
1,740.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya
1.50
18
Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya
38.00 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
510.00 MPa
22
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
2,680.00 m / s
34
1,190.00 m / s
99+
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Gd
Pb
isotop
Isotop dikenal
26
13
35
4
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.20
39
1.87
13
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
2.29
4
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11
29
1.55
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
2.41
2
Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.85
8
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80
15
1.67
99+
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
593.40 kJ / mol
99+
715.60 kJ / mol
31
Level Energy 2
1,170.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,450.50 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
1,990.00 kJ / mol
99+
3,081.50 kJ / mol
23
Level Energy 4
4,250.00 kJ / mol
30
4,083.00 kJ / mol
35
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
6,640.00 kJ / mol
20
padha karo elektrokimia
1.96 g / amp-day
32
3.87 g / amp-day
9
Fungsi Work elektron
3.10 eV
35
4.25 eV
21
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
64
99+
82
34
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
64
99+
82
34
Jumlah Neutron
93
37
125
19
Jumlah Èlèktron
64
99+
82
34
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
180.00 pm
14
175.00 pm
19
kovalen Radius
196.00 pm
14
146.00 pm
38
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm
15
202.00 pm
27
Bobot atom
47.87 Amu
99+
207.20 Amu
30
Volume atom
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
18.17 cm3 / mol
27
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
46.10 (-eV)
34
24.20 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
363.60 pm
32
495.08 pm
16
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
9
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.90 g / cm 3
99+
11.34 g / cm 3
33
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
7.40 g / cm3
31
10.66 g / cm3
15
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
12.00 MPa
20
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
30
1.64 (Pa)
7
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)
9
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
21.80 GPA
33
5.60 GPA
99+
pengaturan akeh
37.90 GPA
34
46.00 GPA
24
Young kang pengaturan
54.80 GPA
35
16.00 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.26
23
0.44
3
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
7.90
40
11.35
25
Nindakake Magnetic
Ferromagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman miskin
resistivity
1.31 nΩ · m
99+
208.00 nΩ · m
16
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.05 10 6 / cm Ω
36
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
35.10 kJ / mol
28
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
27
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
Graham Kapasitas kalor
37.03 J / mol · K
2
26.65 J / mol · K
26
doyo termal
10.60 W / m · K
99+
35.30 W / m · K
38
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
9.40 μm / (m · K)
99+
28.90 μm / (m · K)
13
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
359.40 kJ / mol
21
179.40 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
10.05 kJ / mol
36
4.77 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
352.00 kJ / mol
27
194.60 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
68.10 J / mol.K
16
64.80 J / mol.K
17
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