Holmium mungsuh thulium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Ho
Tm
Panggil Group
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
pemblokiran f
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
lanthanide
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440600
29
7440304
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- metal Holmium sanget alus lan malleable.
- metal Holmium uga dikenal kanggo resistivity sawijining karat.
- Thulium logam bisa nolak karat amarga hawa sing garing.
- Mung TM-169 isotop saka logam Thulium kelakon alamiah.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Marc Delafontaine
Per Teodor Cleve
Discovery
ing taun 1878
ing taun 1879
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
5 * 10-8 %
27
1 * 10-8 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~-9999 %
~0.00000002 %
28
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
38
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- metal Holmium duwe kemampuan kanggo nresep neutron, supaya logam iki digunakake ing reaktor nuklir kanggo njaga reaksi berantai saka unsur ing kontrol.
- Wesi saka Holmium digunakake kanggo gawé Magnet.
- Thulium metal ngasilaké isotop sing mancaraken sinar-X. isotop iki digunakake ing mesin X-ray.
- Thulium unsur uga digunakake ing peralatan Surgical kaya laser.
Ulah Industrial
NA
NA
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, Nuclear Riset
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
Low Toxic
Unknown
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ora
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,461.00 ° C
30
1,545.00 ° C
23
Boiling Point
2,600.00 ° C
99+
1,730.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Brinell atose
746.00 MPa
13
471.00 MPa
25
Vickers atose
481.00 MPa
23
520.00 MPa
21
Kacepetan swara
2,760.00 m / s
30
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Ho
Tm
isotop
Isotop dikenal
34
5
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.23
37
1.25
35
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.10
30
1.11
29
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.77
17
2.75
19
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
581.00 kJ / mol
99+
596.70 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,140.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,160.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,204.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,285.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
4,100.00 kJ / mol
34
4,120.00 kJ / mol
33
padha karo elektrokimia
2.02 g / amp-day
29
2.10 g / amp-day
26
Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
67
99+
69
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 11 6s 2
[Xe] 4F 13 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Holmium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
67
99+
69
99+
Jumlah Neutron
98
34
100
32
Jumlah Èlèktron
67
99+
69
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
176.00 pm
18
176.00 pm
18
kovalen Radius
192.00 pm
17
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm
24
ora Sumadhiya
Bobot atom
164.93 Amu
99+
168.93 Amu
99+
Volume atom
18.70 cm3 / mol
24
18.10 cm3 / mol
28
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
47.90 (-eV)
31
49.70 (-eV)
28
Constant pola
357.73 pm
38
353.75 pm
40
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.57
17
1.57
17
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
8.79 g / cm 3
99+
9.32 g / cm 3
40
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
8.34 g / cm3
26
8.56 g / cm3
24
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
16
0.06 (Pa)
10
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
26.30 GPA
28
30.50 GPA
22
pengaturan akeh
40.20 GPA
32
44.50 GPA
26
Young kang pengaturan
64.80 GPA
31
74.00 GPA
27
Poisson rasio
0.23
29
0.21
31
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable, Sectile
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
8.80
35
9.32
31
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
814.00 nΩ · m
4
676.00 nΩ · m
5
konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol
21
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
Graham Kapasitas kalor
27.15 J / mol · K
19
27.03 J / mol · K
22
doyo termal
16.20 W / m · K
99+
16.90 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
11.20 μm / (m · K)
35
13.30 μm / (m · K)
29
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
241.00 kJ / mol
38
191.00 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
11.76 kJ / mol
29
16.80 kJ / mol
17
Enthalpy saka atomization
301.00 kJ / mol
36
247.00 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
75.30 J / mol.K
8
74.00 J / mol.K
9
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