Barium Manganese Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ba
Mn
Group Number
2
16
7
11
Period Number
6
4
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440393
99+
7439965
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
I_ 43m
Space Group Number
229.00
1
217.00
4
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
- All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
- Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
- Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
- Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Johann Gottlieb Gahn
Discovery
In 1772
In 1774
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
8 * 10-4 %
8
Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %
18
~0.001 %
8
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
20
0.27 %
8
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.03 %
11
0.11 %
8
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
8
0.00 %
13
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
12
0.00 %
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
- Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
- This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
- Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.07 Blood/mg dm-3
15
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3
14
In Bone
70.00 p.p.m.
9
100.00 p.p.m.
8
Physical Properties
Melting Point
725.00 °C
99+
1,245.00 °C
37
Boiling Point
1,140.00 °C
99+
1,962.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silver
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.25
19
6.00
6
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
196.00 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
1,620.00 m/s
99+
5,150.00 m/s
7
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ba
Mn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
37
2
21
18
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.89
99+
1.55
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.68
28
2.20
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97
38
1.60
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.88
22
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.88
99+
1.75
15
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.11
4
2.45
29
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
502.90 kJ/mol
99+
717.30 kJ/mol
30
2nd Energy Level
965.20 kJ/mol
99+
1,509.00 kJ/mol
39
3rd Energy Level
3,600.00 kJ/mol
14
3,248.00 kJ/mol
21
4th Energy Level
Not Available
4,940.00 kJ/mol
20
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6,990.00 kJ/mol
17
6th Energy Level
Not Available
9,220.00 kJ/mol
16
7th Energy level
Not Available
11,500.00 kJ/mol
16
8th Energy Level
Not Available
18,770.00 kJ/mol
5
9th Energy Level
Not Available
21,400.00 kJ/mol
6
10th Energy Level
Not Available
23,960.00 kJ/mol
9
11th Energy Level
Not Available
27,590.00 kJ/mol
10
12th Energy Level
Not Available
30,330.00 kJ/mol
10
13th Energy Level
Not Available
33,150.00 kJ/mol
11
14th Energy Level
Not Available
38,880.00 kJ/mol
10
15th Energy Level
Not Available
41,987.00 kJ/mol
13
16th Energy Level
Not Available
109,480.00 kJ/mol
1
17th Energy Level
Not Available
118,100.00 kJ/mol
2
18th Energy Level
Not Available
127,100.00 kJ/mol
3
19th Energy Level
Not Available
138,600.00 kJ/mol
4
20th Energy Level
Not Available
148,500.00 kJ/mol
6
21st Energy Level
Not Available
158,600.00 kJ/mol
6
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
172,500.00 kJ/mol
5
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
181,380.00 kJ/mol
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.56 g/amp-hr
20
0.29 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV
99+
4.10 eV
25
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
56
99+
25
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
56
99+
25
99+
Number of Neutrons
81
99+
30
99+
Number of Electrons
56
99+
25
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
222.00 pm
4
127.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
215.00 pm
5
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
268.00 pm
6
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
137.33 amu
99+
54.94 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
39.24 cm3/mol
5
1.39 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
21.30 (-eV)
99+
220.00 (-eV)
2
Lattice Constant
502.80 pm
15
891.25 pm
1
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
3.51 g/cm3
99+
7.21 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
3.34 g/cm3
99+
5.95 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
7.11 (Pa)
6
0.00 (Pa)
12
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
4.90 GPa
99+
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
9.60 GPa
99+
120.00 GPa
14
Young's Modulus
13.00 GPa
99+
198.00 GPa
12
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
3.62
99+
7.21
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Conductor
Resistivity
332.00 nΩ·m
13
1.44 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω
40
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
13.95 kJ/mol
36
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)
30
0.48 J/(kg K)
11
Molar Heat Capacity
28.07 J/mol·K
12
26.32 J/mol·K
29
Thermal Conductivity
18.40 W/m·K
99+
7.81 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
20.60 µm/(m·K)
22
21.70 µm/(m·K)
21
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
140.00 kJ/mol
99+
219.70 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol
99+
14.64 kJ/mol
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
175.70 kJ/mol
99+
280.30 kJ/mol
38
Standard Molar Entropy
62.50 J/mol.K
20
32.00 J/mol.K
99+
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