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Barium vs Manganese

Barium
Manganese
Manganese vs Barium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ba  
Mn  
Group Number
2  
16
7  
11
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440393  
99+
7439965  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
I_ 43m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
1
217.00  
4
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
  • All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
  • Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
  
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Wilhelm Scheele  
Johann Gottlieb Gahn  
Discovery
In 1772  
In 1774  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %  
16
8 * 10-4 %  
8
Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %  
18
~0.001 %  
8
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
20
0.27 %  
8
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.03 %  
11
0.11 %  
8
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
12
0.00 %  
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
  • Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
  
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.07 Blood/mg dm-3  
15
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3  
14
In Bone
70.00 p.p.m.  
9
100.00 p.p.m.  
8
Physical Properties
Melting Point
725.00 °C  
99+
1,245.00 °C  
37
Boiling Point
1,140.00 °C  
99+
1,962.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silver  
Luster
NA  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.25  
19
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
Not Available  
196.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
1,620.00 m/s  
99+
5,150.00 m/s  
7
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ba  
Mn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
37  
2
21  
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
1.55  
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.68  
28
2.20  
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97  
38
1.60  
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.88  
22
Not Available  
Allen Electronegativity
0.88  
99+
1.75  
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.11  
4
2.45  
29
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
502.90 kJ/mol  
99+
717.30 kJ/mol  
30
2nd Energy Level
965.20 kJ/mol  
99+
1,509.00 kJ/mol  
39
3rd Energy Level
3,600.00 kJ/mol  
14
3,248.00 kJ/mol  
21
4th Energy Level
Not Available  
4,940.00 kJ/mol  
20
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
6,990.00 kJ/mol  
17
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
9,220.00 kJ/mol  
16
7th Energy level
Not Available  
11,500.00 kJ/mol  
16
8th Energy Level
Not Available  
18,770.00 kJ/mol  
5
9th Energy Level
Not Available  
21,400.00 kJ/mol  
6
10th Energy Level
Not Available  
23,960.00 kJ/mol  
9
11th Energy Level
Not Available  
27,590.00 kJ/mol  
10
12th Energy Level
Not Available  
30,330.00 kJ/mol  
10
13th Energy Level
Not Available  
33,150.00 kJ/mol  
11
14th Energy Level
Not Available  
38,880.00 kJ/mol  
10
15th Energy Level
Not Available  
41,987.00 kJ/mol  
13
16th Energy Level
Not Available  
109,480.00 kJ/mol  
1
17th Energy Level
Not Available  
118,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
18th Energy Level
Not Available  
127,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
19th Energy Level
Not Available  
138,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
20th Energy Level
Not Available  
148,500.00 kJ/mol  
6
21st Energy Level
Not Available  
158,600.00 kJ/mol  
6
22nd Energy Level
Not Available  
172,500.00 kJ/mol  
5
23rd Energy Level
Not Available  
181,380.00 kJ/mol  
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.56 g/amp-hr  
20
0.29 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV  
99+
4.10 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
56  
99+
25  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2  
[Ar] 3d5 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
56  
99+
25  
99+
Number of Neutrons
81  
99+
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
56  
99+
25  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
222.00 pm  
4
127.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
215.00 pm  
5
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
268.00 pm  
6
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
137.33 amu  
99+
54.94 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
39.24 cm3/mol  
5
1.39 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Cesium
  
Chromium
  
Next Element
Lanthanum
  
Iron
  
Valence Electron Potential
21.30 (-eV)  
99+
220.00 (-eV)  
2
Lattice Constant
502.80 pm  
15
891.25 pm  
1
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
3.51 g/cm3  
99+
7.21 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
3.34 g/cm3  
99+
5.95 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
7.11 (Pa)  
6
0.00 (Pa)  
12
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
4.90 GPa  
99+
Not Available  
Bulk Modulus
9.60 GPa  
99+
120.00 GPa  
14
Young's Modulus
13.00 GPa  
99+
198.00 GPa  
12
Poisson Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
3.62  
99+
7.21  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
332.00 nΩ·m  
13
1.44 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω  
40
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
13.95 kJ/mol  
36
0.00 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)  
30
0.48 J/(kg K)  
11
Molar Heat Capacity
28.07 J/mol·K  
12
26.32 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
18.40 W/m·K  
99+
7.81 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
20.60 µm/(m·K)  
22
21.70 µm/(m·K)  
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
140.00 kJ/mol  
99+
219.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.66 kJ/mol  
99+
14.64 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
175.70 kJ/mol  
99+
280.30 kJ/mol  
38
Standard Molar Entropy
62.50 J/mol.K  
20
32.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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