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Bohrium vs Gallium


Gallium vs Bohrium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Bh  
Ga  

Group Number
7  
11
13  
5

Period Number
7  
4  

Block
d block  
p block  

Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  

CAS Number
54037148  
12
7440553  
32

Space Group Name
-  
Cmca  

Space Group Number
276.00  
1
64.00  
12

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).
  
  • A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
  • Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Lecoq de Boisbaudran  

Discovery
In 1981  
In 1875  

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
17

Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
16

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
16

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
24

Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
22

Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
  • Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
  

Industrial Uses
-  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  

Medical Uses
-  
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  

Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
-  
Non Toxic  

Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3  
13

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+

Physical

Melting Point
-  
29.78 °C  
99+

Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
2,403.00 °C  
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid  
Solid  

Color
-  
Silvery White  

Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
1.50  
19

Brinell Hardness
270.00 MPa  
99+
56.80 MPa  
99+

Vickers Hardness
2,700.00 MPa  
4
111.00 MPa  
99+

Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
2,740.00 m/s  
99+

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
1.50  
36
1.81  
20

Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
36.00 %  
33

Allotropes
No  
No  

α Allotropes
-  
-  

β Allotropes
-  
-  

γ Allotropes
-  
-  

Chemical

Chemical Formula
Bh  
Ga  

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
5  
32
24  
15

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.00  
8
1.81  
16

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
2.42  
2

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.82  
2

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.01  
9

Allen Electronegativity
2.00  
6
1.76  
17

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.19  
40

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
742.90 kJ/mol  
23
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,688.50 kJ/mol  
31
1,979.30 kJ/mol  
13

3rd Energy Level
2,566.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2,963.00 kJ/mol  
28

4th Energy Level
3,598.90 kJ/mol  
99+
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
16

5th Energy Level
4,727.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,787.00 kJ/mol  
99+

6th Energy Level
5,991.70 kJ/mol  
99+
5,787.00 kJ/mol  
99+

7th Energy level
7,226.80 kJ/mol  
34
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+

8th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+

9th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,787.00 kJ/mol  
99+

10th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
5,787.00 kJ/mol  
99+

11th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
25
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+

12th Energy Level
82,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
57,800.00 kJ/mol  
20

13th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+

14th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
17
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+

15th Energy Level
82,000.00 kJ/mol  
14
57,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+

16th Energy Level
71,100.00 kJ/mol  
20
57,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+

17th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
31
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

18th Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
20
5,787.00 kJ/mol  
99+

19th Energy Level
820.80 kJ/mol  
28
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

20th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
21
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+

21st Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
11
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

22nd Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
16
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+

23rd Energy Level
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
8
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

24th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
12
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

25th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+

26th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

27th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
9
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

28th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
15
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

29th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
14
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

30th Energy Level
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
578.80 kJ/mol  
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
0.87 g/amp-hr  
99+

Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.20 eV  
30

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  

Atomic

Atomic Number
107  
11
31  
99+

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2  
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1  

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100  

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
107  
11
31  
99+

Number of Neutrons
155  
9
39  
99+

Number of Electrons
107  
11
31  
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
135.00 pm  
99+

Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
122.00 pm  
99+

Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
187.00 pm  
39

Atomic Weight
270.00 amu  
8
69.72 amu  
99+

Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
11.80 cm3/mol  
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Zinc
  

Next Element
Hassium
  
Rubidium
  

Valence Electron Potential
27.20 (-eV)  
99+
69.70 (-eV)  
19

Lattice Constant
-  
451.97 pm  
20

Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.30  
99+

Mechanical

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
37.10 g/cm3  
3
5.91 g/cm3  
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
37.10 g/cm3  
3
6.10 g/cm3  
99+

Tensile Strength
152.00 MPa  
24
41.00 MPa  
99+

Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
15

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
30

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
28.00 GPa  
32
7.20 GPa  
99+

Bulk Modulus
37.00 GPa  
99+
37.30 GPa  
99+

Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
9.80 GPa  
99+

Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.47  
1

Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  

Magnetic

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
37.00  
5
5.91  
99+

Magnetic Ordering
-  
Diamagnetic  

Permeability
0.00 H/m  
11
0.00 H/m  
11

Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
7

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
-  
Semiconductor  

Resistivity
6.50 nΩ·m  
99+
270.00 nΩ·m  
15

Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω  
34

Electron Affinity
-  
28.90 kJ/mol  
37

Thermal

Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.37 J/(kg K)  
16

Molar Heat Capacity
37.10 J/mol·K  
2
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+

Thermal Conductivity
37.00 W/m·K  
36
40.60 W/m·K  
34

Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
302.00 K  
99+

Thermal Expansion
14.30 µm/(m·K)  
28
18.00 µm/(m·K)  
26

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
270.50 kJ/mol  
99+
256.10 kJ/mol  
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
5.59 kJ/mol  
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
276.10 kJ/mol  
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
40.80 J/mol.K  
99+

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