×

Cadmium
Cadmium

Berkelium
Berkelium



ADD
Compare
X
Cadmium
X
Berkelium

Cadmium vs Berkelium

Add ⊕
1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Cd
Bk
1.2 Group Number
12NA
Gadolinium
0 17
2.3 Period Number
57
Lithium
2 7
2.4 Block
d block
f block
2.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
2.6 CAS Number
74404397440406
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
2.9 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
2.10 Space Group Number
194.00194.00
Plutonium
11 229
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
  • Naturally occurring minor elements include Cadmium.
  • Cadmium is released into atmosphere to control volcanic eruption and forest fires.
  • It is used for electroplating of Steel for corrosion resistance.
  • It can absorb neutrons and used in nuclear reactor to control atomic fission.
  • X-ray Diffraction- different compounds of Berkelium metals are identified using it.
    Commercial uses of Berkelium metal are not yet discovered.
3.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Bombarding Americium with Alpha Particles.
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
3.3.2 Discovery
In 1817
In 1949
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %NA
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
3.4.5 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000006 %~-9999 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
1.2.1 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %NA
Gold
1.7E-07 22
1.4.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %NA
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.1 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.7.1 Abundance In Humans
0.00 %NA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It has very limited uses as it is a toxic metal and it can cause birth defects, cancer, etc.
  • Almost 80% of Cadmium metal is used in Nickel cadmium Batteries and now it is getting replaced with nickel hydride.
  • This metal is very rare and has no commercial uses.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.2.1 Other Uses
Alloys
NA
3.3 Biological Properties
3.3.1 Toxicity
Toxic
Unknown
3.4.2 Present in Human Body
3.4.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
4.2.2 In Bone
1.80 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
320.90 °C986.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
6.3 Boiling Point
765.00 °C2,627.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
6.4 Appearance
6.4.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
6.4.2 Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silver
6.4.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
6.5 Hardness
6.5.2 Mohs Hardness
2.00NA
Cesium
0.2 8.5
7.1.3 Brinell Hardness
203.00 MPaNA
Cesium
0.14 3490
7.2.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
7.4 Speed of Sound
2,310.00 m/sNA
Thallium
818 16200
1.3 Optical Properties
1.3.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
1.4.2 Reflectivity
67.00 %NA
Molybdenum
58 97
1.6 Allotropes
1.6.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
1.6.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
1.6.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
2 Chemical
2.1 Chemical Formula
Cd
Bk
2.2 Isotopes
2.2.1 Known Isotopes
3414
Tennessine
0 38
3.4 Electronegativity
3.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.691.30
Francium
0.7 2.54
3.5.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98NA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
4.0.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.461.20
Cesium
0.86 1.82
4.2.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.53NA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
4.4.2 Allen Electronegativity
1.522.70
Cesium
0.659 2.7
4.6 Electropositivity
4.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.312.70
Gold
1.46 3.3
4.9 Ionization Energies
4.9.1 1st Energy Level
867.80 kJ/mol601.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
4.9.4 2nd Energy Level
1,631.40 kJ/mol1,186.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
4.9.7 3rd Energy Level
3,616.00 kJ/mol2,152.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
4.9.12 4th Energy Level
NA3,434.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
4.9.15 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
4.12.1 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
4.12.3 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
4.14.1 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
4.15.2 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.1.2 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
6.2.2 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
6.5.3 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
6.6.4 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
6.6.7 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
6.6.10 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
6.6.12 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
6.6.15 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
6.7.2 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
6.7.4 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
6.7.6 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
6.7.7 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
6.8.2 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
6.8.4 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
6.8.5 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
6.9.2 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
6.10.1 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
6.10.3 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
6.11.1 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
6.11.3 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
6.11.5 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
6.14 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.10 g/amp-hr3.07 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
6.16 Electron Work Function
4.22 eVNA
Cesium
2.14 5.65
6.17 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
7 Atomic
7.1 Atomic Number
4897
Lithium
3 117
7.4 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
[Rn] 5f9 7s2
7.5 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
7.5.1 Crystal Lattice
7.6 Atom
7.6.1 Number of Protons
4897
Lithium
3 117
8.1.2 Number of Neutrons
64150
Lithium
4 184
8.1.4 Number of Electrons
4897
Lithium
3 117
8.2 Radius of an Atom
8.2.2 Atomic Radius
151.00 pm170.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
8.2.4 Covalent Radius
144.00 pmNA
Beryllium
96 260
8.2.6 Van der Waals Radius
158.00 pmNA
Zinc
139 348
8.3 Atomic Weight
112.41 amu247.00 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
8.4 Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/molNA
Manganese
1.39 71.07
8.5 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
8.5.1 Previous Element
8.5.2 Next Element
8.6 Valence Electron Potential
30.00 (-eV)45.50 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
8.7 Lattice Constant
297.94 pm341.60 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
8.8 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
8.9 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.89NA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
9 Mechanical
9.1 Density
9.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.65 g/cm314.78 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
9.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.00 g/cm313.25 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
9.4 Tensile Strength
62.00 MPaNA
Indium
2.5 11000
9.6 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
10.2 Vapor Pressure
10.2.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
10.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
10.6 Elasticity properties
10.6.1 Shear Modulus
19.00 GPaNA
Potassium
1.3 222
10.6.3 Bulk Modulus
42.00 GPaNA
Cesium
1.6 462
10.7.2 Young's Modulus
50.00 GPaNA
Cesium
1.7 528
10.8 Poisson Ratio
0.30NA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
10.10 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
8.6514.00
Lithium
0.53 4500
11.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
11.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
11.2.1 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
11.5 Electrical Properties
11.5.1 Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
11.5.2 Resistivity
72.70 nΩ·mNA
Thallium
0.18 961
11.6.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm ΩNA
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
12.1.2 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/molNA
Mercury
0 222.8
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)NA
Americium
0.11 3.6
13.3 Molar Heat Capacity
26.02 J/mol·KNA
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
13.6 Thermal Conductivity
96.60 W/m·K10.00 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
13.7 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
13.9 Thermal Expansion
30.80 µm/(m·K)NA
Tungsten
4.5 97
13.10 Enthalpy
13.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
100.00 kJ/molNA
Zinc
7.32 799.1
13.10.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
6.19 kJ/molNA
Cesium
2.1 35.23
13.11.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
113.00 kJ/molNA
Mercury
61.5 837
14.2 Standard Molar Entropy
51.80 J/mol.KNA
Beryllium
9.5 198.1