1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.10 Block
1.11 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
1.12 CAS Number
74404397440519
7429905
54386242
2.6 Space Group Name
2.7 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Naturally occurring minor elements include Cadmium.
- Cadmium is released into atmosphere to control volcanic eruption and forest fires.
- It is used for electroplating of Steel for corrosion resistance.
- It can absorb neutrons and used in nuclear reactor to control atomic fission.
- Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
- Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
3.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.4.5 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000006 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.2.5 Abundance In Meteorites
5.1.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.3.3 Abundance In Oceans
5.4.4 Abundance In Humans
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
- It has very limited uses as it is a toxic metal and it can cause birth defects, cancer, etc.
-
Almost 80% of Cadmium metal is used in Nickel cadmium Batteries and now it is getting replaced with nickel hydride.
- Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
6.1.2 Medical Uses
6.1.3 Other Uses
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.3 In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.3.2 In Bone
1.80 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
320.90 °C1,340.00 °C
27
3410
8.3 Boiling Point
765.00 °C3,110.00 °C
147
5660
8.5 Appearance
8.5.1 Physical State
8.5.2 Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silver
8.5.3 Luster
8.6 Hardness
8.6.1 Mohs Hardness
8.6.5 Brinell Hardness
8.6.9 Vickers Hardness
8.7 Speed of Sound
8.9 Optical Properties
8.9.1 Refractive Index
8.9.3 Reflectivity
8.11 Allotropes
8.11.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.11.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.11.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.3 Electronegativity
9.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.3.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.3.7 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.3.9 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.3.12 Allen Electronegativity
9.4 Electropositivity
9.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.6 Ionization Energies
9.6.1 1st Energy Level
867.80 kJ/mol581.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.6.3 2nd Energy Level
1,631.40 kJ/mol1,196.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.7.1 3rd Energy Level
3,616.00 kJ/mol2,026.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
10.1.1 4th Energy Level
NA3,550.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
10.1.3 5th Energy Level
10.4.2 6th Energy Level
10.4.4 7th Energy level
10.4.7 8th Energy Level
10.5.0 9th Energy Level
10.5.3 10th Energy Level
10.5.5 11th Energy Level
10.5.8 12th Energy Level
10.6.2 13th Energy Level
10.7.1 14th Energy Level
10.7.3 15th Energy Level
10.9.2 16th Energy Level
10.10.2 17th Energy Level
10.10.3 18th Energy Level
10.12.1 19th Energy Level
11.1.3 20th Energy Level
11.1.4 21st Energy Level
11.1.6 22nd Energy Level
11.1.9 23rd Energy Level
11.1.10 24th Energy Level
11.1.12 25th Energy Level
11.1.13 26th Energy Level
11.2.1 27th Energy Level
11.2.2 28th Energy Level
11.2.4 29th Energy Level
11.3.1 30th Energy Level
11.4 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.10 g/amp-hr3.07 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
11.7 Electron Work Function
11.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
12 Atomic
12.1 Atomic Number
12.3 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2
12.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
12.4.1 Crystal Lattice
12.5 Atom
12.5.1 Number of Protons
12.5.2 Number of Neutrons
13.1.1 Number of Electrons
13.2 Radius of an Atom
13.2.1 Atomic Radius
151.00 pm174.00 pm
112
265
13.5.3 Covalent Radius
144.00 pm169.00 pm
96
260
13.5.4 Van der Waals Radius
158.00 pm200.00 pm
139
348
13.6 Atomic Weight
112.41 amu247.00 amu
6.94
294
13.7 Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol18.28 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.8.1 Previous Element
13.8.2 Next Element
13.9 Valence Electron Potential
30.00 (-eV)44.50 (-eV)
8
392.42
13.10 Lattice Constant
297.94 pmNA
228.58
891.25
13.12 Lattice Angles
13.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
14 Mechanical
14.1 Density
14.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
8.65 g/cm313.51 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
14.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.00 g/cm313.85 g/cm3
0.512
20
15.2 Tensile Strength
15.3 Viscosity
15.4 Vapor Pressure
15.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
15.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
15.6 Elasticity properties
15.6.1 Shear Modulus
15.7.1 Bulk Modulus
15.11.1 Young's Modulus
15.14 Poisson Ratio
16.2 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Unknown
17 Magnetic
17.1 Magnetic Characteristics
17.1.1 Specific Gravity
17.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Antiferromagnetic
17.1.4 Permeability
17.1.5 Susceptibility
17.3 Electrical Properties
17.3.1 Electrical Property
17.3.2 Resistivity
72.70 nΩ·m1.25 nΩ·m
0.18
961
17.5.2 Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
17.5.4 Electron Affinity
19 Thermal
19.1 Specific Heat
19.2 Molar Heat Capacity
26.02 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
19.4 Thermal Conductivity
19.6 Critical Temperature
20.2 Thermal Expansion
20.3 Enthalpy
20.3.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
100.00 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
20.3.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
6.19 kJ/mol15.00 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
20.5.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
20.6 Standard Molar Entropy
51.80 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1