Home
Compare Metals


Californium Uranium Comparison


Uranium Californium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Cf   
U   

Group Number
Not Available   
0   
18

Period Number
7   
7   

Block
f block   
f block   

Element Family
Actinide   
Actinide   

CAS Number
7440713   
20
7440611   
28

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Cmcm   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
63.00   
10

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
  • Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
  
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  

Sources
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   
Not Available   

Discovery
In 1950   
In 1789   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-8 %   
29

Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000001 %   
26

Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
36

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
11

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
  • It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
  
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  

Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry   
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research   
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Toxic   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   

In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
900.00 °C   
99+
1,132.00 °C   
39

Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C   
99+
3,818.00 °C   
16

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silver   
Silvery Gray   

Luster
NA   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
3.00   
12
6.00   
6

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
2,350.00 MPa   
2

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,960.00 MPa   
2

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
3,155.00 m/s   
25

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Cf   
U   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
20   
19
25   
14

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.38   
28

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.22   
26

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.62   
26

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol   
99+
597.60 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,420.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
3,599.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,145.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr   
15
1.48 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.63 eV   
30

Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
98   
20
92   
26

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2   
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2   

Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   

Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100   
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
98   
20
92   
26

Number of Neutrons
153   
9
146   
13

Number of Electrons
98   
20
92   
26

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
156.00 pm   
29

Covalent Radius
Not Available   
196.00 pm   
14

Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
186.00 pm   
33

Atomic Weight
251.00 amu   
17
238.03 amu   
21

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
12.59 cm3/mol   
40

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Berkelium
  

Next Element
Neptunium
  

Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)   
38
170.00 (-eV)   
4

Lattice Constant
338.00 pm   
99+
295.08 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3   
21
19.10 g/cm3   
17

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
17.30 g/cm3   
7

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.01 (Pa)   
20

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
111.00 GPa   
10

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
100.00 GPa   
16

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
208.00 GPa   
10

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.23   
30

Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable, Sectile   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
15.10   
13
18.80   
10

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Unknown   
Poor Conductor   

Resistivity
Not Available   
0.28 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.04 106/cm Ω   
37

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.67 J/mol·K   
15

Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
27.50 W/m·K   
40

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
13.90 µm/(m·K)   
27

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
477.00 kJ/mol   
13

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
15.48 kJ/mol   
19

Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
489.50 kJ/mol   
14

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
50.20 J/mol.K   
31

Summary >>
<< Thermal

Compare Actinide Series

Actinide Metals

Actinide Metals

» More Actinide Metals

Compare Actinide Series

» More Compare Actinide Series