Cerium vs Bohrium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ce
Bh
Group Number
Not Available
7
11
Period Number
6
7
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440451
99+
54037148
12
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Not Available
Space Group Number
194.00
5
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
- Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced
History
Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
Discovery
In 1803
In 1981
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %
23
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
27
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
18
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
33
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
- Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
- Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Medical Research
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
Unknown
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
30
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
2.70 p.p.m.
14
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
795.00 °C
99+
Not Available
Boiling Point
3,257.00 °C
23
Not Available
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Unknown
Luster
Lustrous
Unknown Luster
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
14
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
186.00 MPa
99+
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
210.00 MPa
32
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,100.00 m/s
99+
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ce
Bh
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30
9
5
32
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.12
99+
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08
31
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.88
11
Not Available
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol
99+
742.90 kJ/mol
23
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,688.50 kJ/mol
30
3rd Energy Level
1,949.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,566.50 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,547.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,598.90 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
6,325.00 kJ/mol
22
4,727.80 kJ/mol
37
6th Energy Level
7,490.00 kJ/mol
21
5,991.70 kJ/mol
24
7th Energy level
Not Available
7,226.80 kJ/mol
22
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.74 g/amp-hr
99+
Not Available
Electron Work Function
2.84 eV
39
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
58
99+
107
11
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cerium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
58
99+
107
11
Number of Neutrons
82
99+
155
8
Number of Electrons
58
99+
107
11
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
181.80 pm
12
128.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
204.00 pm
8
141.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
235.00 pm
17
Not Available
Atomic Weight
140.12 amu
99+
270.00 amu
8
Atomic Volume
20.67 cm3/mol
17
Not Available
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
41.78 (-eV)
99+
Not Available
Lattice Constant
362.00 pm
34
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm3
99+
37.10 g/cm3
3
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.55 g/cm3
38
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
34
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
1.04 (Pa)
13
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
13.50 GPa
99+
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
21.50 GPa
99+
Not Available
Young's Modulus
33.60 GPa
99+
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.24
27
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Unknown
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.77
99+
Not Available
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Unknown
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Unknown
Resistivity
828.00 nΩ·m
3
Not Available
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
26.94 J/mol·K
23
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
11.30 W/m·K
99+
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
414.00 kJ/mol
16
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
5.46 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
381.00 kJ/mol
23
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
72.00 J/mol.K
12
Not Available
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