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Chemical Properties of Europium and Rutherfordium


Chemical Properties of Rutherfordium and Europium


Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Eu   
Rf   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
31   
8
13   
26

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.20   
39
Not Available   

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.01   
22
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol   
99+
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,404.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol   
33
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.89 g/amp-hr   
33
Not Available   

Electron Work Function
2.50 eV   
99+
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   

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