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Chromium
Chromium
☒

Osmium
Osmium
☒

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Chromium vs Osmium
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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Cr
Os
1.2 Group Number
Tennessine
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
6
Rank: 12 (Overall)â–¶
8
Rank: 10 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Gadolinium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.3 Period Number
Uranium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
4
Rank: 4 (Overall)â–¶
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.4 Block
d block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
Roentgenium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
7440473
Rank: 39 (Overall)â–¶
7440042
Rank: 75 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Aluminium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
1.7 Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
Sodium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
229.00
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
194.00
Rank: 5 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Plutonium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
  • Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Smithson Tennant
2.3.2 Discovery
In Between 1797 - 1798
In 1803
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
Iron
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
1.5 * 10-3 %
Rank: 7 (Overall)â–¶
3 * 10-7 %
Rank: 21 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Thallium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
Iron
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
~0.002 %
Rank: 7 (Overall)â–¶
~0.0000002 %
Rank: 25 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
Iron
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.30 %
Rank: 7 (Overall)â–¶
0.00 %
Rank: 28 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Gold
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
Aluminium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.01 %
Rank: 13 (Overall)â–¶
0.00 %
Rank: 53 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Radium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
Sodium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.00 %
Rank: 16 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Protactinium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
Calcium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.00 %
Rank: 16 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Radium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
  • It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
✔ ✘
60% Transition Metals Metals have it !
✔ ✘
60% Transition Metals Metals have it !
3.2.3 In Blood
Sodium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 12 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Plutonium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
3.2.4 In Bone
Calcium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.33 p.p.m.
Rank: 21 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Plutonium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
Tungsten
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
1,857.00 °C
Rank: 14 (Overall)â–¶
3,045.00 °C
Rank: 3 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Francium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.2 Boiling Point
Tungsten
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
2,672.00 °C
Rank: 39 (Overall)â–¶
5,027.00 °C
Rank: 6 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Flerovium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silver
Silvery Bluish-Gray
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
8.50
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
7.00
Rank: 3 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
Osmium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
687.00 MPa
Rank: 16 (Overall)â–¶
3,490.00 MPa
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
Tungsten
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
1,060.00 MPa
Rank: 10 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Palladium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.5 Speed of Sound
Technetium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
5,940.00 m/s
Rank: 5 (Overall)â–¶
4,940.00 m/s
Rank: 11 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Thallium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
Palladium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Mercury
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.6.2 Reflectivity
Silver
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
4.7 Allotropes
✔ ✘
6% Transition Metals Metals have it !
✔ ✘
6% Transition Metals Metals have it !
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Cr
Os
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
Palladium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
21
Rank: 18 (Overall)â–¶
35
Rank: 4 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Tennessine
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
Gold
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
1.66
Rank: 18 (Overall)â–¶
2.20
Rank: 4 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Francium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
Cobalt
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
1.66
Rank: 14 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Gallium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
1.56
Rank: 10 (Overall)â–¶
1.52
Rank: 12 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Polonium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
Berkelium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
1.65
Rank: 19 (Overall)â–¶
1.65
Rank: 19 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
Francium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
2.34
Rank: 36 (Overall)â–¶
1.80
Rank: 49 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Gold
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
26,130.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
840.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
28,750.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
1,309.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 53 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Ruthenium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
34,230.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
1,600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 82 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Osmium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
37,066.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Thorium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
97,510.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Dubnium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
105,800.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Seaborgium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.7 7th Energy level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
114,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Bohrium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
125,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Hassium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
134,700.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Yttrium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
144,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Strontium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
Magnesium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
26,130.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Yttrium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
Magnesium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
28,750.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 13 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
Titanium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
34,230.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 10 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
Vanadium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
37,066.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
97,510.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Manganese
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
Manganese
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
105,800.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 2 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Iron
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
Iron
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
114,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cobalt
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
Cobalt
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
125,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Nickel
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
Nickel
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
134,700.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 5 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Copper
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
Zinc
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
144,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
Zinc
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
157,700.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
Copper
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
166,090.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
Copper
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: 100 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
Iron
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: 100 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Molybdenum
⊕
â–¶
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
Francium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.32 g/amp-hr
Rank: 73 (Overall)â–¶
1.77 g/amp-hr
Rank: 38 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.7 Electron Work Function
Platinum
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
4.50 eV
Rank: 14 (Overall)â–¶
4.83 eV
Rank: 8 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
Tennessine
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
24
Rank: 82 (Overall)â–¶
76
Rank: 40 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
Tennessine
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
24
Rank: 81 (Overall)â–¶
76
Rank: 39 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
Flerovium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
28
Rank: 61 (Overall)â–¶
114
Rank: 25 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
Tennessine
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
24
Rank: 81 (Overall)â–¶
76
Rank: 39 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
128.00 pm
Rank: 46 (Overall)â–¶
133.80 pm
Rank: 44 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
Francium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
139.00 pm
Rank: 45 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
Francium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
200.00 pm
Rank: 28 (Overall)â–¶
216.00 pm
Rank: 24 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Zinc
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.6 Atomic Weight
Tennessine
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
52.00 amu
Rank: 76 (Overall)â–¶
190.23 amu
Rank: 35 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.7 Atomic Volume
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
7.23 cm3/mol
Rank: 60 (Overall)â–¶
8.49 cm3/mol
Rank: 58 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Manganese
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
Platinum
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
170.00 (-eV)
Rank: 4 (Overall)â–¶
91.40 (-eV)
Rank: 12 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Francium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.10 Lattice Constant
Manganese
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
291.00 pm
Rank: 62 (Overall)â–¶
273.44 pm
Rank: 66 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
Cadmium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
1.58
Rank: 14 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
Hassium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
7.19 g/cm3
Rank: 58 (Overall)â–¶
22.59 g/cm3
Rank: 9 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Osmium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
6.30 g/cm3
Rank: 40 (Overall)â–¶
20.00 g/cm3
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.2 Tensile Strength
Iron
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
689.00 MPa
Rank: 7 (Overall)â–¶
1,000.00 MPa
Rank: 4 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Indium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.3 Viscosity
Mercury
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Mercury
⊕
â–¶
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Strontium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 24 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cerium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Chromium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
774.00 (Pa)
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 28 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Tungsten
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
Osmium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
115.00 GPa
Rank: 9 (Overall)â–¶
222.00 GPa
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Potassium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
Osmium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
160.00 GPa
Rank: 11 (Overall)â–¶
462.00 GPa
Rank: 1 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
Iridium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
279.00 GPa
Rank: 8 (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.6 Poisson Ratio
Gallium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.21
Rank: 32 (Overall)â–¶
0.25
Rank: 24 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
Cobalt
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
7.19
Rank: 46 (Overall)â–¶
22.57
Rank: 2 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Antiferromagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
Iron
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Bismuth
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.1.4 Susceptibility
Iron
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Bismuth
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
Mercury
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
125.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 27 (Overall)â–¶
81.20 nΩ·m
Rank: 35 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Thallium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
Silver
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.08 106/cm Ω
Rank: 25 (Overall)â–¶
0.11 106/cm Ω
Rank: 18 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Plutonium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
Gold
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
64.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)â–¶
106.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Mercury
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
0.45 J/(kg K)
Rank: 12 (Overall)â–¶
0.13 J/(kg K)
Rank: 39 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Americium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
Americium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
23.35 J/mol·K
Rank: 55 (Overall)â–¶
24.70 J/mol·K
Rank: 49 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
Silver
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
93.90 W/m·K
Rank: 17 (Overall)â–¶
87.60 W/m·K
Rank: 19 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Neptunium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.4 Critical Temperature
Lithium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Ytterbium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.5 Thermal Expansion
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
4.90 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 57 (Overall)â–¶
5.10 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 56 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Tungsten
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
Tungsten
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
348.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 24 (Overall)â–¶
627.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Zinc
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
Tungsten
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
15.31 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)â–¶
29.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Cesium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
Tungsten
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
397.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)â–¶
669.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Mercury
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
Protactinium
⊕
â–¶
â–¼
23.80 J/mol.K
Rank: 57 (Overall)â–¶
32.60 J/mol.K
Rank: 47 (Overall)â–¶
â–²
Beryllium
⊕
â–¶
◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

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