Curium vs Ruthenium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Cm
Ru
Group Number
Not Available
8
10
Period Number
7
5
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440519
36
7440188
99+
Space Group Name
Not Available
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
Not Available
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
- Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
- Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
- Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso
Karl Ernst Claus
Discovery
In 1944
In 1844
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
4 * 10-7 %
20
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000005 %
22
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
26
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
38
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
- It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.
- Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Medical Research
Other Uses
Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Unknown
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,340.00 °C
34
2,250.00 °C
8
Boiling Point
3,110.00 °C
30
3,900.00 °C
14
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
6.50
5
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
2,160.00 MPa
3
Speed of Sound
Not Available
5,970.00 m/s
4
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cm
Ru
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
15
24
26
13
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
2.20
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
1.42
18
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.54
25
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
1.80
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol
99+
710.20 kJ/mol
32
2nd Energy Level
1,196.00 kJ/mol
99+
710.22 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,026.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,747.00 kJ/mol
37
4th Energy Level
3,550.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr
16
1.26 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.71 eV
9
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
96
22
44
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2
[Kr] 4d7 5s1
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100
rystal-Structure-of-Ruthenium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
96
22
44
99+
Number of Neutrons
151
10
57
99+
Number of Electrons
96
22
44
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm
20
134.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
169.00 pm
26
146.00 pm
38
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu
18
101.07 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
18.28 cm3/mol
26
8.30 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)
38
64.00 (-eV)
22
Lattice Constant
Not Available
270.59 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.58
11
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
13.51 g/cm3
25
12.45 g/cm3
27
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.85 g/cm3
10
10.65 g/cm3
16
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
23
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
173.00 GPa
4
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
220.00 GPa
7
Young's Modulus
Not Available
447.00 GPa
3
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.30
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.51
17
12.45
19
Magnetic Ordering
Antiferromagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
Resistivity
1.25 nΩ·m
99+
71.00 nΩ·m
38
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.14 106/cm Ω
16
Electron Affinity
Not Available
101.30 kJ/mol
10
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available
0.24 J/(kg K)
24
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
24.06 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
117.00 W/m·K
13
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
6.40 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
567.80 kJ/mol
10
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.00 kJ/mol
21
25.50 kJ/mol
7
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
603.00 kJ/mol
9
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
28.50 J/mol.K
99+
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