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Fermium vs Mercury

Fermium
Mercury
Mercury vs Fermium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fm  
Hg  
Group Number
3  
15
12  
6
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440724  
19
7439976  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
R_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Ancient Chinese and Indians  
Discovery
In 1952  
Before 2000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.09 %  
2
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.05 %  
9
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
23
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.45 p.p.m.  
23
Physical
Melting Point
1,527.00 °C  
26
-38.83 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
356.58 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Liquid  
Color
-  
Silver  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
5.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
600.00 MPa  
28
0.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
1,451.40 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.00  
99+
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
73.00 %  
10
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fm  
Hg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
34  
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.44  
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.81  
17
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.44  
34
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
4
2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol  
21
3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
20
4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
100,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
16th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
24
18th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
20
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
11
21st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
33
22nd Energy Level
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
8
23rd Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
36
24th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
25th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
26th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
27th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
2
28th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
5
29th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
6
30th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
3.74 g/amp-hr  
10
Electron Work Function
4.47 eV  
21
4.49 eV  
20
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
100  
18
80  
36
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
100  
18
80  
36
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
121  
23
Number of Electrons
100  
18
80  
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
151.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm  
23
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm  
13
155.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
257.00 amu  
15
200.59 amu  
32
Atomic Volume
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
14.82 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Einsteinium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Mendelevium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
28.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
350.00 pm  
99+
300.50 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
13
0.42  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
13.53 g/cm3  
25
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
13.55 g/cm3  
27
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
4
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
50.00 GPa  
24
25.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
45.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.70  
99+
13.53  
27
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
20
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
961.00 nΩ·m  
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.14 J/(kg K)  
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
27.98 J/mol·K  
16
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
8.30 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,750.00 K  
33
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
60.40 µm/(m·K)  
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
56.90 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
2.29 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
61.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
75.80 J/mol.K  
6
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