Francium

Aluminium

Francium vs Aluminium

Francium

Aluminium

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Periodic Table

Symbol

Group Number

113

0 17

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Period Number

2 7

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Block

s block

p block

Element Family

Alkali

Post-Transition

CAS Number

74407357429905

7429905 54386242

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Space Group Name

Fm_ 3m

Space Group Number

225.00225.00

11 276

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Facts

Interesting Facts

223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in ²²⁷Actinium 227.

Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.

Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.

It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.

Sources

Formed by Decay Process, Mining

By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining

History

Who Discovered

Marguerite Perey

Hans Christian Oersted

Discovery

In 1939

In 1825

Abundance

Abundance In Universe

0.00 %0.01 %

0 0.11

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Abundance In Sun

0.00 %0.01 %

0 0.1

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Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %0.91 %

0 22

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Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %8.10 %

1E-37 8.1

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Abundance In Oceans

-0.00 %

0 1.1

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Abundance In Humans

0.00 %0.00 %

0 1.4

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Uses

Uses & Benefits

Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.

Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.

Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

Medical Uses

Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

Other Uses

Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues

Biological Properties

Toxicity

Non Toxic

Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.39 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

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In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.27.00 p.p.m.

0 170000

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Physical

Melting Point

27.00 °C660.37 °C

-38.83 3410

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Boiling Point

677.00 °C2,467.00 °C

0 5660

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Appearance

Physical State

Solid

Color

Silvery Gray

Luster

Metallic

Hardness

Mohs Hardness

0.202.75

0.2 8.5

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Brinell Hardness

119.00 MPa160.00 MPa

0.14 3490

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Vickers Hardness

300.00 MPa160.00 MPa

0 3920

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Speed of Sound

2,440.00 m/s5,000.00 m/s

818 16200

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Optical Properties

Refractive Index

1.701.61

0.155 3.41

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Reflectivity

72.00 %71.00 %

5 97

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Allotropes

✔ ✘

α Allotropes

β Allotropes

γ Allotropes

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Isotopes

Known Isotopes

3311

0 38

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Electronegativity

Pauling Electronegativity

0.701.61

0 2.6

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Sanderson Electronegativity

0.701.71

0.22 2.56

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Allred Rochow Electronegativity

0.861.47

0.86 1.9

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Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

0.681.83

0.62 2.48

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Allen Electronegativity

0.671.61

0.659 2.7

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Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

3.302.39

1.46 3.3

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Ionization Energies

1st Energy Level

380.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

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2nd Energy Level

392.80 kJ/mol1,816.70 kJ/mol

392.8 28750

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3rd Energy Level

392.80 kJ/mol2,744.80 kJ/mol

392.8 34230

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4th Energy Level

392.80 kJ/mol11,577.00 kJ/mol

375.7 37066

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5th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol14,842.00 kJ/mol

392 97510

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6th Energy Level

3,920.00 kJ/mol18,379.00 kJ/mol

1007 105800

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7th Energy level

3,920.00 kJ/mol23,326.00 kJ/mol

1007 114300

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8th Energy Level

3,920.00 kJ/mol27,465.00 kJ/mol

730 125300

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9th Energy Level

3,920.00 kJ/mol31,853.00 kJ/mol

1007 134700

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10th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol38,473.00 kJ/mol

392 144300

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11th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol42,647.00 kJ/mol

392 169988

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12th Energy Level

38,000.00 kJ/mol5,770.00 kJ/mol

0 189368

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13th Energy Level

3,920.00 kJ/mol5,770.00 kJ/mol

1007 76015

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14th Energy Level

380.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

380 86450

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15th Energy Level

67,700.00 kJ/mol57,700.00 kJ/mol

33000 100700

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16th Energy Level

39,200.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

375.7 109480

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17th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

375.7 122200

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18th Energy Level

3,920.00 kJ/mol5,775.00 kJ/mol

0 134810

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19th Energy Level

392.80 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

375.7 148700

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20th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol577.00 kJ/mol

0 171200

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21st Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

375.7 179100

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22nd Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol577.00 kJ/mol

330 184900

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23rd Energy Level

392.80 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

357.6 198800

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24th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

297.3 195200

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25th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

0 121900

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26th Energy Level

392.80 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

357.6 127700

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27th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

0 133800

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28th Energy Level

380.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

297.3 139800

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29th Energy Level

392.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

0 148100

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30th Energy Level

677.00 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

0 154500

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Electrochemical Equivalent

8.32 g/amp-hr0.34 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

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Electron Work Function

4.07 eV4.28 eV

2.14 6

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Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility

Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes

Atomic

Atomic Number

8713

3 117

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Electron Configuration

[Rn] 7s¹

[Ne] 3s² 3p¹

Crystal Structure

Body Centered Cubic (BCC)

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

Crystal Lattice

Atom

Number of Protons

8713

3 117

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Number of Neutrons

13614

4 285

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Number of Electrons

8713

3 117

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Radius of an Atom

Atomic Radius

348.00 pm143.00 pm

0 348

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Covalent Radius

260.00 pm121.00 pm

0 260

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Van der Waals Radius

348.00 pm184.00 pm

0 348

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Atomic Weight

223.00 amu26.98 amu

6.94 294

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Atomic Volume

71.00 cm3/mol10.00 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

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Adjacent Atomic Numbers

Previous Element

Next Element

Valence Electron Potential

8.00 (-eV)80.70 (-eV)

0 392.42

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Lattice Constant

440.00 pm404.95 pm

0 891.25

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Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

Lattice C/A Ratio

1.561.58

0.423 1.9

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Mechanical

Density

Density At Room Temperature

1.87 g/cm³2.70 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

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Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

1.87 g/cm32.38 g/cm3

0.512 41

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Tensile Strength

50.00 MPa40.00 MPa

0.1 11000

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Viscosity

0.000.00

1.5E-05 0.0035

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Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

0 121

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Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

0 774

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Elasticity properties

Shear Modulus

3.60 GPa26.00 GPa

1.3 222

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Bulk Modulus

6.00 GPa76.00 GPa

0 462

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Young's Modulus

0.00 GPa70.00 GPa

0 528

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Poisson Ratio

0.440.35

0.032 0.47

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Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

Magnetic

Magnetic Characteristics

Specific Gravity

0.872.72

0.53 4500

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Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

Permeability

0.00 H/m0.00 H/m

1.25643E-06 0.0063

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Susceptibility

0.000.00

-0.000166 200000

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Electrical Properties

Electrical Property

Poor Conductor

Conductor

Resistivity

3.00 nΩ·m28.20 nΩ·m

0.1 961

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Electrical Conductivity

0.03 10⁶/cm Ω0.38 10⁶/cm Ω

0 0.63

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Electron Affinity

0.70 kJ/mol42.50 kJ/mol

0 222.8

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Thermal

Specific Heat

0.15 J/(kg K)0.90 J/(kg K)

0.1 3.6

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Molar Heat Capacity

27.00 J/mol·K24.20 J/mol·K

13.1 62.7

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Thermal Conductivity

15.00 W/m·K237.00 W/m·K

0 429

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Critical Temperature

300.00 K933.00 K

26.3 3695

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Thermal Expansion

18.90 µm/(m·K)23.10 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

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Enthalpy

Enthalpy of Vaporization

67.00 kJ/mol293.70 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

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Enthalpy of Fusion

2.30 kJ/mol10.67 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

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Enthalpy of Atomization

71.00 kJ/mol322.20 kJ/mol

61.5 837

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Standard Molar Entropy

42.00 J/mol.K28.30 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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