Home
 Compare Metals

Francium vs Niobium

Francium
Niobium
Niobium vs Francium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fr  
Nb  
Group Number
1  
17
5  
13
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440735  
18
7440031  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • Niobium metal was used to get called Columbium in past.
  • Niobium metal found freely in nature (abundance).
  
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining  
By-product of Tin Extraction, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey  
Charles Hatchett  
Discovery
In 1939  
In 1801  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • Niobium alloys are used in jet engines and rockets and spacecraft, beams and girders for buildings and oil and gas pipelines.
  • It is used superconducting magnets in particles accelerators, NMR and MRI equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
25
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.07 p.p.m.  
30
Physical
Melting Point
27.00 °C  
99+
2,468.00 °C  
6
Boiling Point
677.00 °C  
99+
2,468.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.20  
27
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
119.00 MPa  
99+
735.00 MPa  
15
Vickers Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
870.00 MPa  
19
Speed of Sound
2,440.00 m/s  
99+
3,480.00 m/s  
31
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.70  
27
2.30  
8
Reflectivity
72.00 %  
11
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fr  
Nb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
17  
22
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
1.60  
24
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
1.42  
20
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86  
99+
1.23  
26
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68  
99+
1.60  
22
Allen Electronegativity
0.67  
99+
1.41  
35
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.30  
1
2.40  
31
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
2,416.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,877.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,847.00 kJ/mol  
17
7th Energy level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
8th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
38,000.00 kJ/mol  
23
6,520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
691.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
32
65,200.00 kJ/mol  
35
16th Energy Level
39,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,520.00 kJ/mol  
37
19th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.00 kJ/mol  
38
21st Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
694.00 kJ/mol  
30
23rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
4,490.00 kJ/mol  
30
24th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
33
25th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
35
26th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
34
27th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
35
28th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
40
29th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
677.00 kJ/mol  
31
652.00 kJ/mol  
37
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr  
1
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.07 eV  
33
4.30 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
87  
31
41  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1  
[Kr] 4d4 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
87  
31
41  
99+
Number of Neutrons
136  
18
52  
99+
Number of Electrons
87  
31
41  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
348.00 pm  
1
146.00 pm  
37
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm  
1
164.00 pm  
30
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm  
1
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu  
27
92.91 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
71.00 cm3/mol  
2
10.87 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Polonium
  
Zirconium
  
Next Element
Radium
  
Molybdenum
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)  
99+
104.00 (-eV)  
8
Lattice Constant
440.00 pm  
21
330.04 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.47  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
8.57 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
8.57 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
330.00 MPa  
14
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
22
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
36
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.60 GPa  
99+
38.00 GPa  
20
Bulk Modulus
6.00 GPa  
99+
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
105.00 GPa  
22
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
0.40  
4
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.87  
99+
8.57  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
4
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m  
99+
152.00 nΩ·m  
23
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω  
33
Electron Affinity
0.70 kJ/mol  
99+
86.10 kJ/mol  
14
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)  
37
0.26 J/(kg K)  
20
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
24.60 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K  
99+
53.70 W/m·K  
29
Critical Temperature
300.00 K  
99+
2,750.00 K  
7
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
7.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
67.00 kJ/mol  
99+
696.60 kJ/mol  
5
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27.20 kJ/mol  
6
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol  
99+
745.00 kJ/mol  
4
Standard Molar Entropy
42.00 J/mol.K  
99+
36.40 J/mol.K  
99+
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Alkali Metals

Alkali Metals

Alkali Metals

» More Alkali Metals

Compare Alkali Metals

» More Compare Alkali Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!