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Francium vs Tin

Francium
Tin
Tin vs Francium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fr  
Sn  
Group Number
1  
17
14  
4
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
s block  
p block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440735  
18
7440315  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
I41/amd  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
141.00  
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey  
-  
Discovery
In 1939  
Before 3500 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
-  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
Physical
Melting Point
27.00 °C  
99+
231.90 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
677.00 °C  
99+
2,270.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.20  
27
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
119.00 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,440.00 m/s  
99+
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.70  
27
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
72.00 %  
11
51.00 %  
30
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
β Allotropes
-  
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
γ Allotropes
-  
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fr  
Sn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
1.96  
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.70  
99+
1.49  
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86  
99+
1.72  
5
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68  
99+
2.21  
5
Allen Electronegativity
0.67  
99+
1.82  
14
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.30  
1
2.04  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
2nd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
4th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
6th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
8th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
9th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
10th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
11th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
12th Energy Level
38,000.00 kJ/mol  
23
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
14th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
32
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
16th Energy Level
39,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
17th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
19th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
20th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
21st Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
23rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
25th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
26th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
27th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
28th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
29th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
30th Energy Level
677.00 kJ/mol  
31
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr  
1
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.07 eV  
33
4.42 eV  
22
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
87  
31
50  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
87  
31
50  
99+
Number of Neutrons
136  
18
69  
99+
Number of Electrons
87  
31
50  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
348.00 pm  
1
140.00 pm  
40
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm  
1
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm  
1
217.00 pm  
29
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu  
27
118.71 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
71.00 cm3/mol  
2
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Polonium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Radium
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)  
99+
83.50 (-eV)  
14
Lattice Constant
440.00 pm  
21
583.18 pm  
7
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
0.68  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
15
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
18
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.60 GPa  
99+
18.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
6.00 GPa  
99+
58.00 GPa  
21
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
0.36  
8
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.87  
99+
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m  
99+
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
Electron Affinity
0.70 kJ/mol  
99+
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)  
37
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K  
99+
66.80 W/m·K  
25
Critical Temperature
300.00 K  
99+
505.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
67.00 kJ/mol  
99+
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.30 kJ/mol  
99+
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol  
99+
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
42.00 J/mol.K  
99+
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
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