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Gadolinium vs Bohrium

Gadolinium
Bohrium
Bohrium vs Gadolinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Gd  
Bh  
Group Number
0  
18
7  
11
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440542  
33
54037148  
12
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
276.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Gadolinium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Gadolinium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
  • Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1880  
In 1981  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
38
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are also used in making Magnets, electronic components and Data storage devices.
  • Compound of Gadolinium metal are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  • Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,311.00 °C  
35
-  
Boiling Point
3,233.00 °C  
26
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.50  
10
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
700.00 MPa  
17
270.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
510.00 MPa  
34
2,700.00 MPa  
4
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.97  
16
1.50  
36
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Gd  
Bh  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26  
13
5  
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20  
40
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.20  
32
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11  
30
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.20  
39
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.20  
99+
2.00  
6
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80  
15
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
742.90 kJ/mol  
23
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,688.50 kJ/mol  
31
3rd Energy Level
1,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,566.50 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,250.00 kJ/mol  
40
3,598.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,727.80 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,991.70 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,226.80 kJ/mol  
34
8th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
33
9th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
11th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
25
12th Energy Level
59,300.00 kJ/mol  
17
82,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
13th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
14th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
36
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
17
15th Energy Level
59,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
82,000.00 kJ/mol  
14
16th Energy Level
59,300.00 kJ/mol  
37
71,100.00 kJ/mol  
20
17th Energy Level
594.10 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
31
18th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
20
19th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
820.80 kJ/mol  
28
20th Energy Level
594.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
21
21st Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
11
22nd Energy Level
593.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
16
23rd Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
8
24th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
12
25th Energy Level
593.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
26th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
27th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
9
28th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
15
29th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
14
30th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.96 g/amp-hr  
36
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV  
99+
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
64  
99+
107  
11
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
64  
99+
107  
11
Number of Neutrons
93  
38
155  
9
Number of Electrons
64  
99+
107  
11
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm  
19
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
270.00 amu  
8
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol  
32
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Europium
  
Seaborgium
  
Next Element
Terbium
  
Hassium
  
Valence Electron Potential
46.10 (-eV)  
35
27.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
363.60 pm  
35
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59  
29
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.90 g/cm3  
99+
37.10 g/cm3  
3
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.40 g/cm3  
99+
37.10 g/cm3  
3
Tensile Strength
158.00 MPa  
23
152.00 MPa  
24
Viscosity
0.00  
23
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
32
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)  
9
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
21.80 GPa  
99+
28.00 GPa  
32
Bulk Modulus
37.90 GPa  
99+
37.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
54.80 GPa  
38
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
23
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.90  
99+
37.00  
5
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
12
0.00 H/m  
11
Susceptibility
0.00  
4
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
1.31 nΩ·m  
99+
6.50 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
27
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
37.03 J/mol·K  
3
37.10 J/mol·K  
2
Thermal Conductivity
10.60 W/m·K  
99+
37.00 W/m·K  
36
Critical Temperature
1,585.00 K  
38
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
9.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
14.30 µm/(m·K)  
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
359.40 kJ/mol  
30
270.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.05 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
352.00 kJ/mol  
36
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
68.10 J/mol.K  
16
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
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