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Gallium
Gallium

Rhodium
Rhodium



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Gallium Rhodium Comparison

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ga
Rh
1.2 Group Number
139
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
45
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
p block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Post-​Transition
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74405537440166
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.8 Space Group Name
Cmca
Fm_ 3m
1.9 Space Group Number
64.00225.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
  • Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
  • Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
  • Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
William Hyde Wollaston
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1875
In 1804
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %6 * 10-8 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.5.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %~0.0000002 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.6.2 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
1.1.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
1.2.3 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %NA
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
1.7.4 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
  • Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
  • Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
  • It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
NA
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.4 In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
3.2.10 In Bone
NANA
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
29.78 °C1,966.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
4.4 Boiling Point
2,403.00 °C3,727.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
4.7 Appearance
4.7.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.7.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.7.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
4.8 Hardness
4.8.1 Mohs Hardness
1.506.00
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
4.10.3 Brinell Hardness
56.80 MPa980.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
5.1.4 Vickers Hardness
NA1,100.00 MPa
Palladium Metal
121 3430
5.6 Speed of Sound
2,740.00 m/s4,700.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
5.9 Optical Properties
5.9.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
6.1.2 Reflectivity
NA84.00 %
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
6.3 Allotropes
6.3.2 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.4.1 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6.5.1 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7 Chemical
7.1 Chemical Formula
Ga
Rh
7.2 Isotopes
7.2.1 Known Isotopes
2416
Tennessine Metal
0 38
7.6 Electronegativity
7.6.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.812.28
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
8.1.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
2.42NA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
8.7.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.821.45
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
8.7.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.01NA
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
9.1.1 Allen Electronegativity
1.761.56
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
9.5 Electropositivity
9.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.191.72
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
9.9 Ionization Energies
9.9.1 1st Energy Level
578.80 kJ/mol719.70 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
9.12.1 2nd Energy Level
1,979.30 kJ/mol1,740.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
10.1.2 3rd Energy Level
2,963.00 kJ/mol2,997.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
10.3.1 4th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
10.4.2 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
10.6.2 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
10.9.1 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
10.10.2 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
10.12.1 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
10.15.1 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
11.1.3 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
11.1.4 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
11.1.7 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
11.3.1 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
12.1.2 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
12.2.5 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
12.3.2 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
12.4.3 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
12.4.6 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
12.4.8 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
12.4.10 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
12.5.1 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
13.1.1 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
14.1.2 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
14.2.2 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
14.3.2 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
14.5.1 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
14.5.2 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
14.6.2 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
14.6.3 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
14.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.87 g/amp-hr1.28 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
14.9 Electron Work Function
4.20 eV4.98 eV
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
1.3 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
2 Atomic
2.1 Atomic Number
3145
Lithium Metal
3 117
2.4 Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
[Kr] 4d8 5s1
2.5 Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
2.5.1 Crystal Lattice
2.6 Atom
2.6.1 Number of Protons
3145
Lithium Metal
3 117
2.8.1 Number of Neutrons
3958
Lithium Metal
4 184
2.12.1 Number of Electrons
3145
Lithium Metal
3 117
2.16 Radius of an Atom
2.16.1 Atomic Radius
135.00 pm134.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
2.16.2 Covalent Radius
122.00 pm142.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
2.17.2 Van der Waals Radius
187.00 pm200.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
2.18 Atomic Weight
69.72 amu102.91 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
2.19 Atomic Volume
11.80 cm3/mol8.30 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
2.20 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
2.20.1 Previous Element
2.20.2 Next Element
2.21 Valence Electron Potential
69.70 (-eV)64.00 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
2.22 Lattice Constant
451.97 pm380.34 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
2.24 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
2.25 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
3 Mechanical
3.1 Density
3.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
5.91 g/cm312.41 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
3.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.10 g/cm310.70 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
1.3 Tensile Strength
NA951.00 MPa
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
1.4 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
1.6 Vapor Pressure
1.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)NA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
1.9.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA0.02 (Pa)
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
1.10 Elasticity properties
1.10.1 Shear Modulus
NA150.00 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
1.12.1 Bulk Modulus
NA275.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
2.4.3 Young's Modulus
9.80 GPa380.00 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
2.5 Poisson Ratio
0.470.26
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
2.6 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Malleable
3 Magnetic
3.1 Magnetic Characteristics
3.1.1 Specific Gravity
5.9112.41
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
3.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
3.1.5 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
3.1.8 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
4.3 Electrical Properties
4.3.1 Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
4.3.2 Resistivity
270.00 nΩ·m43.30 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
4.3.4 Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω0.21 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
5.1.1 Electron Affinity
28.90 kJ/mol109.70 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
6 Thermal
6.1 Specific Heat
0.37 J/(kg K)0.24 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
6.4 Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K24.98 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
6.5 Thermal Conductivity
40.60 W/m·K150.00 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
6.6 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
6.7 Thermal Expansion
18.00 µm/(m·K)8.20 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
6.9 Enthalpy
6.9.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
256.10 kJ/mol495.40 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
6.10.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
5.59 kJ/mol21.76 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
7.2.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
276.10 kJ/mol556.50 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
7.3 Standard Molar Entropy
40.80 J/mol.K31.50 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1