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Hassium vs Polonium

Hassium
Polonium
Polonium vs Hassium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hs  
Po  
Group Number
8  
10
16  
2
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
54037579  
11
7440086  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
Pm-3m  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
221.00  
4
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Hassium metals rate of decay is very high.
  • Hassium metals 1st sample was synthesized through a nuclear reaction.
  
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
Sources
Synthetically Produced  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie  
Discovery
In 1984  
In 1898  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
-  
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Hassium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
-  
254.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
962.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silver  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.50  
10
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
230.00 MPa  
99+
70.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
2,450.00 MPa  
5
30.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,760.00 m/s  
99+
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.70  
3
Reflectivity
69.00 %  
14
50.00 %  
31
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
α-polonium  
β Allotropes
-  
β-polonium  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Hs  
Po  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
7  
31
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
2.00  
10
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.76  
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.48  
1
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
2.19  
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
733.30 kJ/mol  
26
812.10 kJ/mol  
14
2nd Energy Level
1,756.00 kJ/mol  
25
1,833.20 kJ/mol  
17
3rd Energy Level
2,827.00 kJ/mol  
37
812.10 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,637.50 kJ/mol  
99+
8,121.00 kJ/mol  
7
5th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
12
6th Energy Level
6,175.10 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
32
7th Energy level
7,535.50 kJ/mol  
32
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
8th Energy Level
8,857.40 kJ/mol  
21
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
9th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
23
10th Energy Level
6,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
27
11th Energy Level
6,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
12th Energy Level
3,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
4,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
19
14th Energy Level
1,124.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
18
15th Energy Level
68,200.00 kJ/mol  
31
81,200.00 kJ/mol  
15
16th Energy Level
32,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
81,200.00 kJ/mol  
12
17th Energy Level
1,089.00 kJ/mol  
22
812.10 kJ/mol  
32
18th Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
21
19th Energy Level
1,086.50 kJ/mol  
19
812.10 kJ/mol  
29
20th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
14
812.00 kJ/mol  
22
21st Energy Level
1,086.00 kJ/mol  
30
812.10 kJ/mol  
40
22nd Energy Level
350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
812.00 kJ/mol  
17
23rd Energy Level
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
34
812.10 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
540.90 kJ/mol  
99+
812.10 kJ/mol  
13
25th Energy Level
610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
812.10 kJ/mol  
11
26th Energy Level
587.40 kJ/mol  
99+
812.10 kJ/mol  
11
27th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
5
812.10 kJ/mol  
10
28th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
14
812.10 kJ/mol  
16
29th Energy Level
867.80 kJ/mol  
11
812.10 kJ/mol  
15
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
812.00 kJ/mol  
11
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
3.90 g/amp-hr  
8
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.50 eV  
19
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
108  
10
84  
32
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d6 7s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Monoclinic (MON)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
108  
10
84  
32
Number of Neutrons
158  
7
125  
20
Number of Electrons
108  
10
84  
32
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
126.00 pm  
99+
168.00 pm  
25
Covalent Radius
134.00 pm  
99+
140.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
197.00 pm  
36
Atomic Weight
269.00 amu  
9
209.00 amu  
28
Atomic Volume
22.70 cm3/mol  
18
22.23 cm3/mol  
22
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Bohrium
  
Bismuth
  
Next Element
Meitnerium
  
Francium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
9.30 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
-  
335.90 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.31  
99+
1.46  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
40.70 g/cm3  
1
9.20 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
41.00 g/cm3  
1
9.40 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
27
0.00  
26
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
40.00 GPa  
19
24.00 GPa  
40
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
46.00 GPa  
28
Young's Modulus
40.00 GPa  
99+
46.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.23  
30
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
41.00  
2
9.32  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Nonmagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
8
0.00 H/m  
15
Susceptibility
0.00  
25
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
41.00 nΩ·m  
99+
0.40 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
63.20 kJ/mol  
19
183.30 kJ/mol  
3
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
25.92 J/mol·K  
99+
26.40 J/mol·K  
36
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
20.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
527.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
21.20 µm/(m·K)  
23
23.50 µm/(m·K)  
16
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
126.00 kJ/mol  
99+
60.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
13.00 kJ/mol  
32
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
134.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
57.20 J/mol.K  
29
41.10 J/mol.K  
99+
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