1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74407467440575
7429905
54386242
2.2 Space Group Name
2.3 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
- It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
- It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
- Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
3.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Unknown
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-8 %6 * 10-8 %
5E-09
0.11
3.5.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
1.3.1 Abundance In Meteorites
1.4.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.6.2 Abundance In Oceans
1.2.1 Abundance In Humans
2 Uses
2.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
- Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
- It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
2.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
2.1.2 Medical Uses
Medical Research
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
2.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
2.2 Biological Properties
2.2.1 Toxicity
2.2.2 Present in Human Body
2.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
2.3.2 In Bone
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
156.61 °C1,064.43 °C
27
3410
4.4 Boiling Point
2,000.00 °C2,807.00 °C
147
5660
2.3 Appearance
2.3.1 Physical State
2.4.2 Color
2.5.1 Luster
2.6 Hardness
2.6.1 Mohs Hardness
2.10.2 Brinell Hardness
8.80 MPa194.00 MPa
0.14
3490
1.2.1 Vickers Hardness
1.5 Speed of Sound
1,215.00 m/s2,030.00 m/s
818
16200
1.3 Optical Properties
1.3.1 Refractive Index
2.2.3 Reflectivity
2.4 Allotropes
2.4.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
2.4.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
2.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
3 Chemical
3.1 Chemical Formula
3.2 Isotopes
3.2.1 Known Isotopes
4.3 Electronegativity
4.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.1.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
7.1.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
7.2.5 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
7.5.3 Allen Electronegativity
8.4 Electropositivity
8.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.7 Ionization Energies
8.7.1 1st Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol890.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.10.2 2nd Energy Level
1,820.70 kJ/mol1,980.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.10.4 3rd Energy Level
2,704.00 kJ/molNA
1600
34230
8.11.1 4th Energy Level
5,210.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
8.12.2 5th Energy Level
8.15.2 6th Energy Level
8.16.2 7th Energy level
10.2.2 8th Energy Level
11.2.3 9th Energy Level
11.5.2 10th Energy Level
11.5.6 11th Energy Level
11.5.10 12th Energy Level
11.5.15 13th Energy Level
11.5.20 14th Energy Level
11.6.2 15th Energy Level
11.7.2 16th Energy Level
11.9.3 17th Energy Level
11.11.4 18th Energy Level
11.11.8 19th Energy Level
11.11.12 20th Energy Level
11.11.15 21st Energy Level
11.11.19 22nd Energy Level
11.11.22 23rd Energy Level
11.11.26 24th Energy Level
11.11.29 25th Energy Level
11.11.34 26th Energy Level
1.2.1 27th Energy Level
1.2.3 28th Energy Level
1.3.2 29th Energy Level
1.3.6 30th Energy Level
1.7 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.43 g/amp-hr2.45 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
1.5 Electron Work Function
1.7 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
2 Atomic
2.1 Atomic Number
2.5 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
2.6 Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
2.6.1 Crystal Lattice
2.7 Atom
2.7.1 Number of Protons
2.9.4 Number of Neutrons
3.4.7 Number of Electrons
3.5 Radius of an Atom
3.5.1 Atomic Radius
167.00 pm151.00 pm
112
265
3.6.1 Covalent Radius
142.00 pm144.00 pm
96
260
3.7.3 Van der Waals Radius
193.00 pm166.00 pm
139
348
3.9 Atomic Weight
114.82 amu196.97 amu
6.94
294
4.2 Atomic Volume
15.70 cm3/mol10.20 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
5.7 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
5.7.1 Previous Element
5.7.2 Next Element
5.8 Valence Electron Potential
54.00 (-eV)43.40 (-eV)
8
392.42
5.9 Lattice Constant
325.23 pm407.82 pm
228.58
891.25
6.2 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.3 Lattice C/A Ratio
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.31 g/cm319.30 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
7.4.3 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.02 g/cm317.31 g/cm3
0.512
20
7.5 Tensile Strength
2.50 MPa120.00 MPa
2.5
11000
7.6 Viscosity
7.8 Vapor Pressure
7.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.01 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
7.10.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA67.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
7.12 Elasticity properties
7.12.1 Shear Modulus
8.1.1 Bulk Modulus
8.5.1 Young's Modulus
11.00 GPa79.00 GPa
1.7
528
9.3 Poisson Ratio
10.2 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
11 Magnetic
11.1 Magnetic Characteristics
11.1.1 Specific Gravity
11.5.1 Magnetic Ordering
11.5.2 Permeability
11.6.1 Susceptibility
11.9 Electrical Properties
11.9.1 Electrical Property
11.9.2 Resistivity
83.70 nΩ·m2.20 nΩ·m
0.18
961
11.9.6 Electrical Conductivity
0.12 106/cm Ω0.45 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
11.10.3 Electron Affinity
28.90 kJ/mol222.80 kJ/mol
0
222.8
12 Thermal
12.1 Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
12.9 Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K25.42 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
14.3 Thermal Conductivity
81.80 W/m·K318.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
14.6 Critical Temperature
15.3 Thermal Expansion
32.10 µm/(m·K)14.20 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
15.5 Enthalpy
15.5.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
226.40 kJ/mol324.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
16.1.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
3.28 kJ/mol12.55 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
2.3.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
242.70 kJ/mol364.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
2.10 Standard Molar Entropy
57.80 J/mol.K47.40 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1