Indium vs Samarium
Periodic Table
Symbol
In
Sm
Group Number
13
5
Not Available
Period Number
5
6
Block
p block
f block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440746
17
7440199
99+
Space Group Name
I4/mmm
R_ 3m
Space Group Number
139.00
8
166.00
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
- Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
- Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
In 1863
In 1879
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-8 %
28
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %
23
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
37
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
29
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
40
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
- Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
- Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Medical Research
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Slightly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
22
Physical Properties
Melting Point
156.61 °C
99+
1,072.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,000.00 °C
99+
1,900.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
Lustrous
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.20
20
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
8.80 MPa
99+
441.00 MPa
27
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
412.00 MPa
24
Speed of Sound
1,215.00 m/s
99+
2,130.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
In
Sm
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
30
9
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.78
16
1.17
40
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.14
8
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.49
13
1.07
32
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.76
10
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.66
18
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.22
38
2.83
14
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
558.30 kJ/mol
99+
544.50 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,820.70 kJ/mol
18
1,070.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,704.00 kJ/mol
39
2,260.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
5,210.00 kJ/mol
17
3,990.00 kJ/mol
37
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.43 g/amp-hr
99+
1.87 g/amp-hr
34
Electron Work Function
4.12 eV
24
2.70 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
49
99+
62
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
[Xe] 4f6 6s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
49
99+
62
99+
Number of Neutrons
66
99+
88
39
Number of Electrons
49
99+
62
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
167.00 pm
24
180.00 pm
14
Covalent Radius
142.00 pm
99+
198.00 pm
13
Van der Waals Radius
193.00 pm
31
229.00 pm
20
Atomic Weight
114.82 amu
99+
150.36 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
15.70 cm3/mol
33
19.95 cm3/mol
19
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
54.00 (-eV)
25
44.80 (-eV)
37
Lattice Constant
325.23 pm
99+
362.10 pm
33
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.31 g/cm3
99+
7.52 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.02 g/cm3
33
7.16 g/cm3
32
Tensile Strength
2.50 MPa
21
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.01 (Pa)
11
0.94 (Pa)
9
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
19.50 GPa
34
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
37.80 GPa
35
Young's Modulus
11.00 GPa
99+
49.70 GPa
37
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.27
19
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.31
99+
7.52
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
83.70 nΩ·m
34
0.94 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.12 106/cm Ω
17
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
28.90 kJ/mol
31
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)
27
0.20 J/(kg K)
31
Molar Heat Capacity
26.74 J/mol·K
25
29.54 J/mol·K
7
Thermal Conductivity
81.80 W/m·K
21
13.30 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
32.10 µm/(m·K)
9
12.70 µm/(m·K)
30
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
226.40 kJ/mol
40
166.40 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.28 kJ/mol
99+
8.62 kJ/mol
40
Enthalpy of Atomization
242.70 kJ/mol
99+
209.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
57.80 J/mol.K
22
69.60 J/mol.K
15
|
||
|
||
|
