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Lead vs Bohrium

Lead
Bohrium
Bohrium vs Lead


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pb  
Bh  
Group Number
14  
4
7  
11
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
p block  
d block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439921  
99+
54037148  
12
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
276.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  
  • Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)  
In 1981  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
17
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
22
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
9
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  
  • Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3  
11
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
30.00 p.p.m.  
10
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
327.50 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
1,740.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
38.00 MPa  
99+
270.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
38.00 MPa  
99+
2,700.00 MPa  
4
Speed of Sound
1,190.00 m/s  
99+
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.02  
14
1.50  
36
Reflectivity
5.00 %  
39
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pb  
Bh  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
5  
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.87  
14
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.29  
4
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55  
12
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.41  
2
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
11
2.00  
6
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.67  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
31
742.90 kJ/mol  
23
2nd Energy Level
1,450.50 kJ/mol  
99+
1,688.50 kJ/mol  
31
3rd Energy Level
3,081.50 kJ/mol  
23
2,566.50 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,083.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,598.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,640.00 kJ/mol  
32
4,727.80 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,991.70 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
36
7,226.80 kJ/mol  
34
8th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
32
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
33
9th Energy Level
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
30
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
34
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
11th Energy Level
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
33
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
25
12th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
82,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
13th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
28
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
14th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
17
15th Energy Level
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
24
82,000.00 kJ/mol  
14
16th Energy Level
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
19
71,100.00 kJ/mol  
20
17th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
40
820.00 kJ/mol  
31
18th Energy Level
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
30
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
20
19th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
37
820.80 kJ/mol  
28
20th Energy Level
715.00 kJ/mol  
31
820.00 kJ/mol  
21
21st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
11
22nd Energy Level
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
820.00 kJ/mol  
16
23rd Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
8
24th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
820.00 kJ/mol  
12
25th Energy Level
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
26th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
27th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
23
820.00 kJ/mol  
9
28th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
29
820.00 kJ/mol  
15
29th Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
30
820.00 kJ/mol  
14
30th Energy Level
715.00 kJ/mol  
24
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.87 g/amp-hr  
9
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
28
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
82  
34
107  
11
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
82  
34
107  
11
Number of Neutrons
125  
20
155  
9
Number of Electrons
82  
34
107  
11
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
175.00 pm  
21
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
146.00 pm  
40
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm  
34
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
207.20 amu  
30
270.00 amu  
8
Atomic Volume
18.17 cm3/mol  
39
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thallium
  
Seaborgium
  
Next Element
Bismuth
  
Hassium
  
Valence Electron Potential
24.20 (-eV)  
99+
27.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
495.08 pm  
18
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.51  
99+
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.34 g/cm3  
35
37.10 g/cm3  
3
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.66 g/cm3  
36
37.10 g/cm3  
3
Tensile Strength
12.00 MPa  
99+
152.00 MPa  
24
Viscosity
0.00  
29
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.64 (Pa)  
7
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa  
99+
28.00 GPa  
32
Bulk Modulus
46.00 GPa  
28
37.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
16.00 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.35  
38
37.00  
5
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
12
0.00 H/m  
11
Susceptibility
0.00  
30
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
208.00 nΩ·m  
16
6.50 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
35.10 kJ/mol  
33
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
26.65 J/mol·K  
34
37.10 J/mol·K  
2
Thermal Conductivity
35.30 W/m·K  
39
37.00 W/m·K  
36
Critical Temperature
600.61 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
28.90 µm/(m·K)  
13
14.30 µm/(m·K)  
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
179.40 kJ/mol  
99+
270.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
4.77 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
194.60 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
64.80 J/mol.K  
18
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
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