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Lead vs Nobelium

Lead
Nobelium
Nobelium vs Lead


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pb  
No  
Group Number
14  
4
Not Available  
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
p block  
f block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7439921  
99+
10028145  
16
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Not Available  
Space Group Number
225.00  
2
Not Available  
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  
  • The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
  • No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)  
In 1966  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %  
16
Not Available  
Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %  
18
~-9999 %  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
23
Not Available  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
26
Not Available  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
22
Not Available  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
8
Not Available  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  
  • Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
NA  
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Unknown  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3  
11
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
30.00 p.p.m.  
10
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
327.50 °C  
99+
827.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
1,740.00 °C  
99+
Not Available  
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
Unknown  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
18
Not Available  
Brinell Hardness
38.00 MPa  
99+
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
1,190.00 m/s  
99+
Not Available  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pb  
No  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
13  
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.87  
13
1.30  
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.29  
4
Not Available  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55  
11
1.20  
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.41  
2
Not Available  
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
8
Not Available  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.67  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol  
31
642.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,450.50 kJ/mol  
99+
1,254.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,081.50 kJ/mol  
23
2,643.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,083.00 kJ/mol  
35
3,956.00 kJ/mol  
39
5th Energy Level
6,640.00 kJ/mol  
20
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.87 g/amp-hr  
9
4.83 g/amp-hr  
4
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
21
Not Available  
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
82  
34
102  
16
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2  
[Rn] 5f14 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Nobelium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
82  
34
102  
16
Number of Neutrons
125  
19
157  
7
Number of Electrons
82  
34
102  
16
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
175.00 pm  
19
Not Available  
Covalent Radius
146.00 pm  
38
Not Available  
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm  
27
246.00 pm  
8
Atomic Weight
207.20 amu  
30
259.00 amu  
13
Atomic Volume
18.17 cm3/mol  
27
Not Available  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thallium
  
Mendelevium
  
Next Element
Bismuth
  
Lawrencium
  
Valence Electron Potential
24.20 (-eV)  
99+
26.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
495.08 pm  
16
Not Available  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
NA  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.34 g/cm3  
33
Not Available  
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.66 g/cm3  
15
Not Available  
Tensile Strength
12.00 MPa  
20
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.64 (Pa)  
7
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa  
99+
Not Available  
Bulk Modulus
46.00 GPa  
24
Not Available  
Young's Modulus
16.00 GPa  
99+
Not Available  
Poisson Ratio
0.44  
3
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Unknown  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.35  
25
Not Available  
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Unknown  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Unknown  
Resistivity
208.00 nΩ·m  
16
Not Available  
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
36
Not Available  
Electron Affinity
35.10 kJ/mol  
28
Not Available  
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
39
Not Available  
Molar Heat Capacity
26.65 J/mol·K  
26
Not Available  
Thermal Conductivity
35.30 W/m·K  
38
Not Available  
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
28.90 µm/(m·K)  
13
Not Available  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
179.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Not Available  
Enthalpy of Fusion
4.77 kJ/mol  
99+
Not Available  
Enthalpy of Atomization
194.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Not Available  
Standard Molar Entropy
64.80 J/mol.K  
17
Not Available  
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