Lithium Cesium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Li
Cs
Group Number
1
17
1
17
Period Number
2
6
Block
s block
s block
Element Family
Alkali
Alkali
CAS Number
7439932
99+
7440462
40
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
229.00
1
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
Not Available
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Johan August Arfwedson
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Discovery
In 1817
In 1860
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-7 %
18
8 * 10-8 %
24
Abundance In Sun
~0.00017 %
11
~0.0000008 %
20
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
22
0.00 %
38
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
35
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
15
0.00 %
17
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
16
0.00 %
17
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
- The most common use of cesium metal is as a drilling fluid. It is also used in optical glass manufacturing.
- In vacuum tubes and radiation monitor equipment this metal is used as a catalyst promoter.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
NA
Mildly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
27
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
28
In Bone
1.30 p.p.m.
17
0.05 p.p.m.
26
Physical Properties
Melting Point
180.54 °C
99+
28.50 °C
99+
Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C
99+
678.40 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gold
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.60
21
0.20
25
Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa
99+
0.14 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s
3
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Li
Cs
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
8
30
36
3
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.98
99+
0.79
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89
26
0.22
33
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97
38
0.86
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.97
19
0.62
26
Allen Electronegativity
0.91
99+
0.66
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.02
8
3.21
2
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol
99+
375.70 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol
3
2,234.30 kJ/mol
8
3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol
4
3,400.00 kJ/mol
16
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr
99+
4.96 g/amp-hr
3
Electron Work Function
2.90 eV
37
2.14 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
3
99+
55
99+
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1
[Xe] 6s1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
3
99+
55
99+
Number of Neutrons
4
99+
78
99+
Number of Electrons
3
99+
55
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
152.00 pm
31
265.00 pm
1
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm
99+
244.00 pm
2
Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm
35
343.00 pm
2
Atomic Weight
6.94 amu
99+
132.91 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol
39
71.07 cm3/mol
1
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)
99+
8.62 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
351.00 pm
99+
614.10 pm
5
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm3
99+
1.93 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm3
99+
1.84 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)
2
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa
99+
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa
99+
1.60 GPa
99+
Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa
99+
1.70 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.53
99+
1.87
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m
33
205.00 nΩ·m
17
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω
19
0.05 106/cm Ω
35
Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol
16
45.50 kJ/mol
25
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)
1
0.24 J/(kg K)
23
Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K
99+
32.21 J/mol·K
4
Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K
20
35.90 W/m·K
36
Critical Temperature
3,223.00 K
1
1,938.00 K
5
Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)
7
97.00 µm/(m·K)
1
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol
99+
65.90 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol
99+
2.10 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol
99+
78.20 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K
99+
85.20 J/mol.K
3
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