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Lithium vs Fermium

Lithium
Fermium
Fermium vs Lithium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Li  
Fm  
Group Number
1  
17
3  
15
Period Number
2  
7  
Block
s block  
f block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7439932  
99+
7440724  
19
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
  • Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
  
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johan August Arfwedson  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1817  
In 1952  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
11
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
15
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
19
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
  • it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
  
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
27
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
1.30 p.p.m.  
18
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
180.54 °C  
99+
1,527.00 °C  
26
Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
-  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.60  
23
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa  
99+
500.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
5.30 MPa  
99+
600.00 MPa  
28
Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s  
6
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.35  
99+
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
95.00 %  
2
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Li  
Fm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
8  
30
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97  
39
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.97  
99+
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
0.91  
99+
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.02  
8
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol  
3
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol  
4
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
6th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,202.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
10th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,202.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
13th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
14th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
15th Energy Level
52,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
16th Energy Level
52,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
17th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
19th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
20th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
24th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
25th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
26th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
27th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
Electron Work Function
2.90 eV  
99+
4.47 eV  
21
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
3  
99+
100  
18
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1  
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
3  
99+
100  
18
Number of Neutrons
4  
99+
157  
8
Number of Electrons
3  
99+
100  
18
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
152.00 pm  
33
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
23
Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm  
99+
245.00 pm  
13
Atomic Weight
6.94 amu  
99+
257.00 amu  
15
Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol  
99+
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
No Previous Element  
Einsteinium
  
Next Element
Beryllium
  
Mendelevium
  
Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
351.00 pm  
99+
350.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
16
1.63  
13
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm3  
99+
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm3  
99+
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
60.00 MPa  
35
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
10
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)  
2
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa  
99+
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa  
99+
50.00 GPa  
24
Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.36  
8
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.53  
99+
9.70  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
11
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
16
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m  
33
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
22
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol  
20
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)  
1
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K  
20
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
3,223.00 K  
5
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)  
7
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol  
99+
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K  
99+
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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