Mg Element

Magnesium

Periodic Table

Symbol

Group Number

2 16

Period Number

3 5

Block

s block

Element Family

Alkaline Earth

CAS Number

7439954 83

Space Group Name

P63/mmc

Space Group Number

194.00 7

Facts

Interesting Facts

Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.

Sources

By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining

History

Who Discovered

Joseph Black

Discovery

In 1755

Abundance

Abundance In Universe

0.06 % 3

Abundance In Sun

0.07 % 2

Abundance In Meteorites

12.00 % 2

Abundance In Earth's Crust

2.90 % 4

Abundance In Oceans

0.13 % 2

Abundance In Humans

0.03 % 5

Uses

Uses & Benefits

Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.

Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry

Medical Uses

Other Uses

Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

Biological Properties

Toxicity

Non Toxic

Present in Human Body

Yes

In Blood

37.80 Blood/mg dm-3 5

In Bone

1,800.00 p.p.m. 4

Physical

Melting Point

650.00 °C 61

Boiling Point

1,107.00 °C 68

Appearance

Physical State

Solid

Color

Gray

Luster

Hardness

Mohs Hardness

2.50 15

Brinell Hardness

260.00 MPa 44

Vickers Hardness

260.00 MPa 48

Speed of Sound

4,940.00 m/s 15

Optical Properties

Refractive Index

1.49 37

Reflectivity

74.00 % 9

Allotropes

α Allotropes

β Allotropes

γ Allotropes

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Isotopes

Known Isotopes

15 24

Electronegativity

Pauling Electronegativity

1.31 32

Sanderson Electronegativity

1.32 24

Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.23 26

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

1.37 30

Allen Electronegativity

1.29 41

Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

2.69 23

Ionization Energies

1st Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 24

2nd Energy Level

1,450.70 kJ/mol 43

3rd Energy Level

7,732.70 kJ/mol 5

4th Energy Level

10,542.50 kJ/mol 4

5th Energy Level

13,630.00 kJ/mol 3

6th Energy Level

18,020.00 kJ/mol 3

7th Energy level

21,711.00 kJ/mol 3

8th Energy Level

25,661.00 kJ/mol 3

9th Energy Level

31,653.00 kJ/mol 3

10th Energy Level

35,458.00 kJ/mol 5

11th Energy Level

169,988.00 kJ/mol 1

12th Energy Level

189,368.00 kJ/mol 1

13th Energy Level

7,370.00 kJ/mol 24

14th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 77

15th Energy Level

73,700.00 kJ/mol 21

16th Energy Level

73,770.00 kJ/mol 16

17th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 37

18th Energy Level

7,370.00 kJ/mol 27

19th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 34

20th Energy Level

737.00 kJ/mol 28

21st Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 46

22nd Energy Level

738.00 kJ/mol 22

23rd Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 47

24th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 20

25th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 20

26th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 20

27th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 19

28th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 25

29th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 26

30th Energy Level

737.70 kJ/mol 20

Electrochemical Equivalent

0.45 g/amp-hr 73

Electron Work Function

3.66 eV 40

Other Chemical Properties

Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility

Atomic

Atomic Number

12 89

Electron Configuration

[Ne] 3s²

Crystal Structure

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

Crystal Lattice

HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100

Atom

Number of Protons

12 88

Number of Neutrons

12 67

Number of Electrons

12 88

Radius of an Atom

Atomic Radius

160.00 pm 29

Covalent Radius

141.00 pm 45

Van der Waals Radius

173.00 pm 44

Atomic Weight

24.31 amu 83

Atomic Volume

13.97 cm3/mol 54

Adjacent Atomic Numbers

Previous Element

Next Element

Valence Electron Potential

40.00 (-eV) 48

Lattice Constant

320.94 pm 61

Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

Lattice C/A Ratio

1.62 15

Mechanical

Density

Density At Room Temperature

1.74 g/cm³ 84

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

1.58 g/cm3 85

Tensile Strength

150.00 MPa 25

Viscosity

0.00 24

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa) 22

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.00 (Pa) 30

Elasticity properties

Shear Modulus

17.00 GPa 47

Bulk Modulus

45.00 GPa 29

Young's Modulus

45.00 GPa 43

Poisson Ratio

0.29 15

Other Mechanical Properties

Magnetic

Magnetic Characteristics

Specific Gravity

1.74 82

Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

Permeability

0.00 H/m 8

Susceptibility

0.00 33

Electrical Properties

Electrical Property

Conductor

Resistivity

43.90 nΩ·m 45

Electrical Conductivity

0.23 10⁶/cm Ω 7

Electron Affinity

0.00 kJ/mol 49

Thermal

Specific Heat

1.02 J/(kg K) 4

Molar Heat Capacity

24.87 J/mol·K 56

Thermal Conductivity

156.00 W/m·K 8

Critical Temperature

923.00 K 63

Thermal Expansion

24.80 µm/(m·K) 15

Enthalpy

Enthalpy of Vaporization

128.70 kJ/mol 74

Enthalpy of Fusion

8.95 kJ/mol 45

Enthalpy of Atomization

148.50 kJ/mol 65

Standard Molar Entropy

32.70 J/mol.K 63

Summary >>

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