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Neodymium
Neodymium

Polonium
Polonium



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Neodymium
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Neodymium Polonium Comparison

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Nd
Po
1.2 Group Number
116
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
2.5 Period Number
66
Lithium Metal
2 7
2.6 Block
f block
p block
2.7 Element Family
Lanthanide
Post-​Transition
2.8 CAS Number
74400087440086
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
2.9 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Pm-3m
2.10 Space Group Number
194.00221.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1885
In 1898
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %NA
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.4.5 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %~-9999 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.6.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %NA
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
1.4.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %NA
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.3.1 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
3.1.2 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
5.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
5.7.1 In Bone
NA0.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
1,010.00 °C254.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
6.4 Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C962.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
6.6 Appearance
6.6.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
6.6.2 Color
Silvery White
Silver
6.6.3 Luster
Metallic
NA
6.7 Hardness
6.7.1 Mohs Hardness
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
6.8.6 Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPaNA
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
1.2.3 Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPaNA
Palladium Metal
121 3430
1.3 Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/sNA
Thallium Metal
818 16200
1.6 Optical Properties
1.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
2.2.3 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
2.4 Allotropes
2.4.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
α-polonium
2.4.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
β-polonium
2.4.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
3 Chemical
3.1 Chemical Formula
Nd
Po
3.2 Isotopes
3.2.1 Known Isotopes
3029
Tennessine Metal
0 38
3.7 Electronegativity
3.7.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.142.00
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
3.10.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NANA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
3.14.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.071.76
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
3.18.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA2.48
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
4.1.2 Allen Electronegativity
NA2.19
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
4.3 Electropositivity
4.3.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.862.00
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
4.4 Ionization Energies
4.4.1 1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol812.10 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
4.6.1 2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/molNA
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
4.7.1 3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/molNA
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
4.9.1 4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/molNA
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
1.2.1 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
1.2.4 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
1.4.2 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
1.5.1 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
1.2.3 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
1.4.2 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
2.2.1 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
2.8.1 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
1.3.2 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
2.1.4 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
3.5.1 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
3.5.5 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
3.7.5 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
3.8.4 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
4.2.4 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
4.3.3 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
4.3.7 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
5.1.1 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
7.1.1 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
7.2.5 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
7.4.3 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
2.1.2 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
2.2.2 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
2.5.2 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
2.6.2 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
2.9.2 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
2.11 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr3.90 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
2.15 Electron Work Function
3.20 eVNA
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
1.4 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
2 Atomic
2.1 Atomic Number
6084
Lithium Metal
3 117
3.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
3.3 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Monoclinic (MON)
3.4.2 Crystal Lattice
3.5 Atom
3.5.1 Number of Protons
6084
Lithium Metal
3 117
4.3.2 Number of Neutrons
84125
Lithium Metal
4 184
4.8.3 Number of Electrons
6084
Lithium Metal
3 117
5.4 Radius of an Atom
5.4.1 Atomic Radius
181.00 pm168.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
1.1.2 Covalent Radius
201.00 pm140.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
1.1.5 Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm197.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
1.3 Atomic Weight
144.24 amu209.00 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
1.5 Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol22.23 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
1.10 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
1.10.1 Previous Element
1.10.2 Next Element
1.11 Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)NA
Francium Metal
8 392.42
1.13 Lattice Constant
365.80 pm335.90 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
1.16 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
1.17 Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61NA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
2 Mechanical
2.1 Density
2.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm39.20 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
2.3.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm39.40 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
3.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
3.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
3.5 Vapor Pressure
3.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)NA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
3.7.5 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)NA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
3.9 Elasticity properties
3.9.1 Shear Modulus
16.30 GPaNA
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
3.9.8 Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPaNA
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
3.10.3 Young's Modulus
41.40 GPaNA
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
4.2 Poisson Ratio
0.28NA
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
13.13 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
14 Magnetic
14.1 Magnetic Characteristics
14.1.1 Specific Gravity
7.009.32
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
14.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
14.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
14.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
14.2 Electrical Properties
14.2.1 Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
14.2.2 Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m0.40 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
14.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω0.02 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
14.2.4 Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol183.30 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
15 Thermal
15.1 Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
15.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K26.40 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
15.3 Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K20.00 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
15.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium Metal
26.3 3223
15.5 Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)23.50 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
15.6 Enthalpy
15.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol60.30 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
15.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol13.00 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
15.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol134.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
15.7 Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.KNA
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1