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Platinum
Platinum

Magnesium
Magnesium



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Platinum
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Platinum vs Magnesium

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Pt
Mg
1.2 Group Number
102
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
63
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
s block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
1.6 CAS Number
74400647439954
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
225.00194.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Joseph Black
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1735
In 1755
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %6 * 10-2 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %~0.07 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %12.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %2.90 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
NA0.13 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NA0.03 %
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA37.80 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
NA1,800.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,772.00 °C650.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C1,107.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Gray
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
3.502.50
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa260.00 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPaNA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s4,940.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
73.00 %74.00 %
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Pt
Mg
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3515
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
2.281.31
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NA1.32
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.441.23
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA1.37
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.721.29
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
1.722.69
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol737.70 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol1,450.70 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
NA7,732.70 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
NA10,542.50 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NA13,630.00 kJ/mol
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NA18,020.00 kJ/mol
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NA21,711.00 kJ/mol
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NA25,661.00 kJ/mol
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NA31,653.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NA35,458.00 kJ/mol
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NA169,988.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NA189,368.00 kJ/mol
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr0.45 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
5.65 eV3.66 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
7812
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Ne] 3s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
7812
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
11712
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
7812
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
139.00 pm160.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
136.00 pm141.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm173.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
47.87 amu24.31 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol13.97 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)40.00 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
392.42 pm320.94 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm31.74 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm31.58 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
125.00 MPaNA
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)NA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa17.00 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa45.00 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa45.00 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.380.29
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
21.451.74
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
0.00 H/mNA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m43.90 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω0.23 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol0.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)1.02 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K24.87 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K156.00 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)24.80 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol128.70 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol8.95 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol148.50 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K32.70 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1