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Plutonium vs Europium

Plutonium
Europium
Europium vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu  
Eu  
Group Number
0  
18
Not Available  
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
f block  
f block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
7440075  
99+
7440531  
34
Space Group Name
P121/m1  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
11.00  
13
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
Not Available  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan  
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay  
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941  
In 1896  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available  
5 * 10-8 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %  
~0.00000005 %  
27
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available  
0.00 %  
36
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available  
0.00 %  
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
Not Available  
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Not Available  
Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C  
99+
822.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C  
24
1,597.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
NA  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available  
167.00 MPa  
34
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
Not Available  
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu  
Eu  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28  
33
1.20  
39
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.01  
22
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
26
Not Available  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72  
21
Not Available  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,404.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,120.00 kJ/mol  
33
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr  
22
1.89 g/amp-hr  
33
Electron Work Function
Not Available  
2.50 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94  
24
63  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2  
[Xe] 4f7 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94  
24
63  
99+
Number of Neutrons
150  
11
89  
38
Number of Electrons
94  
24
63  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm  
28
180.00 pm  
14
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm  
20
198.00 pm  
13
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
28
233.00 pm  
18
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu  
19
151.96 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol  
99+
28.90 cm3/mol  
8
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Samarium
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Gadolinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)  
21
45.60 (-eV)  
35
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm  
4
458.10 pm  
17
Lattice Angles
NA  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3  
13
5.26 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3  
8
5.13 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
120.00 MPa  
15
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
26
19.40 (Pa)  
4
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)  
12
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa  
18
7.90 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available  
8.30 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa  
21
18.20 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.21  
32
0.15  
34
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84  
7
5.24  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m  
99+
0.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available  
50.00 kJ/mol  
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
39
0.18 J/(kg K)  
33
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K  
3
27.66 J/mol·K  
16
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K  
99+
13.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)  
6
35.00 µm/(m·K)  
8
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol  
25
143.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol  
99+
9.21 kJ/mol  
37
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol  
26
180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available  
77.80 J/mol.K  
4
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