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Europium vs Plutonium

Europium
Plutonium
Plutonium vs Europium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Eu   
Pu   
Group Number
Not Available   
0   
18
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
f block   
f block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7440531   
34
7440075   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P121/m1   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
11.00   
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay   
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan   
Discovery
In 1896   
In Between 1940 1941   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %   
27
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000005 %   
27
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
36
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
  
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
822.00 °C   
99+
639.50 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,597.00 °C   
99+
3,235.00 °C   
24
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Lustrous   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Vickers Hardness
167.00 MPa   
34
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Eu   
Pu   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31   
8
20   
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20   
39
1.28   
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.01   
22
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.22   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.72   
21
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol   
99+
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,404.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol   
33
3,338.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.89 g/amp-hr   
33
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
Electron Work Function
2.50 eV   
99+
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
63   
99+
94   
24
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 6s2   
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Monoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
63   
99+
94   
24
Number of Neutrons
89   
38
150   
11
Number of Electrons
63   
99+
94   
24
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
159.00 pm   
28
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm   
13
187.00 pm   
20
Van der Waals Radius
233.00 pm   
18
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
151.96 amu   
99+
244.00 amu   
19
Atomic Volume
28.90 cm3/mol   
8
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Samarium
  
Neptunium
  
Next Element
Gadolinium
  
Americium
  
Valence Electron Potential
45.60 (-eV)   
35
64.90 (-eV)   
21
Lattice Constant
458.10 pm   
17
618.30 pm   
4
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.26 g/cm3   
99+
19.82 g/cm3   
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.13 g/cm3   
99+
16.63 g/cm3   
8
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa   
15
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
19.40 (Pa)   
4
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
2.20 (Pa)   
12
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
7.90 GPa   
99+
43.00 GPa   
18
Bulk Modulus
8.30 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
18.20 GPa   
99+
96.00 GPa   
21
Poisson Ratio
0.15   
34
0.21   
32
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.24   
99+
19.84   
7
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
0.90 nΩ·m   
99+
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.66 J/mol·K   
16
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
Thermal Conductivity
13.90 W/m·K   
99+
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
35.00 µm/(m·K)   
8
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
143.50 kJ/mol   
99+
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.21 kJ/mol   
37
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol   
99+
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
Standard Molar Entropy
77.80 J/mol.K   
4
Not Available   
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