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Polonium Aluminium Comparison

Polonium
Aluminium
Aluminium Polonium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Po   
Al   
Group Number
16   
2
13   
5
Period Number
6   
3   
Block
p block   
p block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440086   
99+
7429905   
99+
Space Group Name
Pm-3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
221.00   
3
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie   
Hans Christian Oersted   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1825   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
5 * 10-3 %   
5
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.006 %   
5
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.91 %   
5
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
8.10 %   
1
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
6
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
27.00 p.p.m.   
11
Physical Properties
Melting Point
254.00 °C   
99+
660.37 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
962.00 °C   
99+
2,467.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.75   
13
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
160.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
160.00 MPa   
35
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
5,000.00 m/s   
10
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
71.00 %   
10
Allotropes
Yes   
No   
α Allotropes
α-polonium   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
β-polonium   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Po   
Al   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29   
10
11   
27
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
1.61   
22
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.71   
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.76   
2
1.47   
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.48   
1
1.83   
8
Allen Electronegativity
2.19   
2
1.61   
20
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
2.39   
32
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
Not Available   
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2
7th Energy level
Not Available   
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.28 eV   
19
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
84   
32
13   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
84   
32
13   
99+
Number of Neutrons
125   
19
14   
99+
Number of Electrons
84   
32
13   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
168.00 pm   
23
143.00 pm   
37
Covalent Radius
140.00 pm   
99+
121.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
197.00 pm   
29
184.00 pm   
34
Atomic Weight
209.00 amu   
28
26.98 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Bismuth
  
Magnesium
  
Next Element
Francium
  
Potassium
  
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
80.70 (-eV)   
17
Lattice Constant
335.90 pm   
99+
404.95 pm   
22
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
2.70 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.40 g/cm3   
19
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
40.00 MPa   
19
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
18
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
26.00 GPa   
29
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
76.00 GPa   
18
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
70.00 GPa   
28
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.35   
9
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.32   
31
2.72   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
4
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4
Electron Affinity
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
42.50 kJ/mol   
26
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
237.00 W/m·K   
4
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
293.70 kJ/mol   
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
10.67 kJ/mol   
35
Enthalpy of Atomization
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
322.20 kJ/mol   
31
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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