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Polonium Bohrium Comparison

Polonium
Bohrium
Bohrium Polonium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Po  
Bh  
Group Number
16  
2
7  
11
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
p block  
d block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440086  
99+
54037148  
12
Space Group Name
Pm-3m  
-  
Space Group Number
221.00  
4
276.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
  • Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1898  
In 1981  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Sun
-  
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
  • Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
254.00 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
962.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
-  
Luster
-  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
15
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa  
99+
270.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
30.00 MPa  
99+
2,700.00 MPa  
4
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.70  
3
1.50  
36
Reflectivity
50.00 %  
31
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
Yes  
No  
α Allotropes
α-polonium  
-  
β Allotropes
β-polonium  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Po  
Bh  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
5  
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00  
8
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.00  
10
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.76  
3
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.48  
1
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
2.19  
2
2.00  
6
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
14
742.90 kJ/mol  
23
2nd Energy Level
1,833.20 kJ/mol  
17
1,688.50 kJ/mol  
31
3rd Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2,566.50 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
8,121.00 kJ/mol  
7
3,598.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
12
4,727.80 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,991.70 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
7,226.80 kJ/mol  
34
8th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
33
9th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
23
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
27
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
11th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
26
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
25
12th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
82,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
13th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
14th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
18
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
17
15th Energy Level
81,200.00 kJ/mol  
15
82,000.00 kJ/mol  
14
16th Energy Level
81,200.00 kJ/mol  
12
71,100.00 kJ/mol  
20
17th Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
32
820.00 kJ/mol  
31
18th Energy Level
8,120.00 kJ/mol  
21
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
20
19th Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
29
820.80 kJ/mol  
28
20th Energy Level
812.00 kJ/mol  
22
820.00 kJ/mol  
21
21st Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
40
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
11
22nd Energy Level
812.00 kJ/mol  
17
820.00 kJ/mol  
16
23rd Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
8
24th Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
13
820.00 kJ/mol  
12
25th Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
11
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
26th Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
11
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
27th Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
10
820.00 kJ/mol  
9
28th Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
16
820.00 kJ/mol  
15
29th Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol  
15
820.00 kJ/mol  
14
30th Energy Level
812.00 kJ/mol  
11
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.90 g/amp-hr  
8
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.50 eV  
19
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
84  
32
107  
11
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4  
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
84  
32
107  
11
Number of Neutrons
125  
20
155  
9
Number of Electrons
84  
32
107  
11
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
168.00 pm  
25
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
140.00 pm  
99+
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
197.00 pm  
36
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
209.00 amu  
28
270.00 amu  
8
Atomic Volume
22.23 cm3/mol  
22
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Bismuth
  
Seaborgium
  
Next Element
Francium
  
Hassium
  
Valence Electron Potential
9.30 (-eV)  
99+
27.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
335.90 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.46  
99+
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.20 g/cm3  
99+
37.10 g/cm3  
3
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.40 g/cm3  
99+
37.10 g/cm3  
3
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
152.00 MPa  
24
Viscosity
0.00  
26
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
24.00 GPa  
40
28.00 GPa  
32
Bulk Modulus
46.00 GPa  
28
37.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.32  
99+
37.00  
5
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
15
0.00 H/m  
11
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
0.40 nΩ·m  
99+
6.50 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
183.30 kJ/mol  
3
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K  
36
37.10 J/mol·K  
2
Thermal Conductivity
20.00 W/m·K  
99+
37.00 W/m·K  
36
Critical Temperature
527.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
23.50 µm/(m·K)  
16
14.30 µm/(m·K)  
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
60.30 kJ/mol  
99+
270.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.00 kJ/mol  
32
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
134.00 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
41.10 J/mol.K  
99+
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
Summary >>
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