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Polonium vs Lawrencium

Polonium
Lawrencium
Lawrencium vs Polonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Po   
Lr   
Group Number
16   
2
Not Available   
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7440086   
99+
22537195   
15
Space Group Name
Pm-3m   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
221.00   
3
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
  • It is synthetically produced metal.
  • Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie   
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1961–1971   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
  • Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
254.00 °C   
99+
1,627.00 °C   
20
Boiling Point
962.00 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
Yes   
No   
α Allotropes
α-polonium   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
β-polonium   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Po   
Lr   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29   
10
10   
28
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.76   
2
Not Available   
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.48   
1
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
2.19   
2
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
470.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
Not Available   
1,428.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,228.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,910.00 kJ/mol   
21
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
3.23 g/amp-hr   
11
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
84   
32
103   
15
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1   
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
84   
32
103   
15
Number of Neutrons
125   
19
157   
7
Number of Electrons
84   
32
103   
15
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
168.00 pm   
23
Not Available   
Covalent Radius
140.00 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Van der Waals Radius
197.00 pm   
29
246.00 pm   
8
Atomic Weight
209.00 amu   
28
266.00 amu   
12
Atomic Volume
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Bismuth
  
Nobelium
  
Next Element
Francium
  
Rutherfordium
  
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
335.90 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.40 g/cm3   
19
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.32   
12
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.32   
31
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
Not Available   
Periodic Table >>
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