1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.6 Block
1.7 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Post-Transition
1.8 CAS Number
74401447440086
7429905
54386242
1.9 Space Group Name
1.10 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
- Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
- Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
- Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
2.2 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Not Available
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
-
It is used in luminous paints.
- Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
- A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
700.00 °C254.00 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C962.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.2 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
4.7.2 β Allotropes
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol812.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/molNA
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
5.5.7 7th Energy level
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
1.2.2 22nd Energy Level
1.2.3 23rd Energy Level
1.3.2 24th Energy Level
1.3.3 25th Energy Level
1.3.5 26th Energy Level
1.3.6 27th Energy Level
1.3.7 28th Energy Level
1.3.9 29th Energy Level
1.3.11 30th Energy Level
1.4 Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr3.90 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
1.5 Electron Work Function
1.7 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
2 Atomic
2.1 Atomic Number
2.3 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
2.4 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Monoclinic (MON)
2.4.1 Crystal Lattice
2.5 Atom
2.5.1 Number of Protons
2.5.3 Number of Neutrons
2.5.5 Number of Electrons
1.2 Radius of an Atom
1.2.1 Atomic Radius
1.2.4 Covalent Radius
221.00 pm140.00 pm
96
260
1.2.6 Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm197.00 pm
139
348
1.4 Atomic Weight
226.00 amu209.00 amu
6.94
294
1.6 Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol22.23 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
1.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
1.8.1 Previous Element
1.8.2 Next Element
1.9 Valence Electron Potential
1.10 Lattice Constant
514.80 pm335.90 pm
228.58
891.25
1.12 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
1.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
2 Mechanical
2.1 Density
2.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm39.20 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
2.1.4 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.2 Tensile Strength
2.3 Viscosity
2.5 Vapor Pressure
2.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
2.5.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.7 Elasticity properties
2.7.1 Shear Modulus
2.7.3 Bulk Modulus
2.7.6 Young's Modulus
2.8 Poisson Ratio
2.9 Other Mechanical Properties
3 Magnetic
3.1 Magnetic Characteristics
3.1.1 Specific Gravity
3.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
3.1.4 Permeability
3.1.6 Susceptibility
3.2 Electrical Properties
3.2.1 Electrical Property
3.2.2 Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m0.40 nΩ·m
0.18
961
3.2.5 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
3.2.7 Electron Affinity
4 Thermal
4.1 Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
4.3 Molar Heat Capacity
NA26.40 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
4.5 Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K20.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
4.6 Critical Temperature
4.8 Thermal Expansion
4.9 Enthalpy
4.9.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA60.30 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
4.9.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
4.9.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol134.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
4.10 Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1