Radium

Vanadium

Radium vs Vanadium

Radium

Vanadium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

s block

d block

1.5 Element Family

Alkaline Earth

Transition Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74401447440622

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Im_ 3m

1.8 Space Group Number

229.00229.00

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.

Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.

2.2 Sources

Mining, Ores of metals

Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Not Available

Andrés Manuel del Río

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1898

In 1801

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

NA1 * 10^-4 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~-9999 %~0.00004 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

NA0.01 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %0.02 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

0.00 %0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
It is used in luminous paints.

Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

Pharmaceutical Industry

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Highly Toxic

Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

NA0.00 p.p.m.

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

700.00 °C1,890.00 °C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

1,737.00 °C3,380.00 °C

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Silvery White

Blue-Silver Grey

4.3.3 Luster

Metallic

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

NA6.70

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

NA600.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

NA628.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

NA4,560.00 m/s

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NA61.00 %

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

3322

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

0.901.63

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NA1.39

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

0.971.45

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

0.92NA

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

0.891.53

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

3.102.37

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

509.30 kJ/mol650.90 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

979.00 kJ/mol1,414.00 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

NA2,830.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

NA4,507.00 kJ/mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

NA6,298.70 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

NA12,363.00 kJ/mol

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

NA14,530.00 kJ/mol

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

NA16,730.00 kJ/mol

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

NA19,860.00 kJ/mol

14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

NA22,240.00 kJ/mol

17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

NA24,670.00 kJ/mol

19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

NA29,730.00 kJ/mol

22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

NA32,446.00 kJ/mol

26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

NA86,450.00 kJ/mol

29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

NA94,170.00 kJ/mol

41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

NA102,300.00 kJ/mol

47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

NA112,700.00 kJ/mol

52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

NA121,600.00 kJ/mol

58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

NA130,700.00 kJ/mol

64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

NA143,400.00 kJ/mol

80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

NA151,440.00 kJ/mol

87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

4.22 g/amp-hr0.38 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

NA4.30 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity

Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

8823

3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Rn] 7s²

[Ar] 3d³ 4s²

6.3 Crystal Structure

Body Centered Cubic (BCC)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

8823

3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

13828

4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

8823

3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

NA134.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

221.00 pm153.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

283.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

226.00 amu50.94 amu

6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

45.20 cm3/mol8.78 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

20.10 (-eV)120.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

514.80 pm303.00 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

NANA

1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

5.50 g/cm³6.00 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

NA5.50 g/cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

NA800.00 MPa

2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NANA

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NA0.23 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

NA47.00 GPa

1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

NA160.00 GPa

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

NA128.00 GPa

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

NA0.37

0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

5.005.96

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Nonmagnetic

Paramagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Superconductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

100.00 nΩ·m197.00 nΩ·m

0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

NA0.05 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

NA50.60 kJ/mol

0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

0.12 J/(kg K)0.49 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

NA24.89 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

18.60 W/m·K30.70 W/m·K

6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

NA8.40 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

NA458.60 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

NA17.57 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

163.00 kJ/mol514.60 kJ/mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

71.00 J/mol.K28.90 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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