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Rhenium Gold Comparison

Rhenium
Gold
Gold Rhenium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Re   
Au   
Group Number
7   
11
11   
7
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440155   
99+
7440575   
31
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1908   
Before 6000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %   
29
6 * 10-8 %   
26
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %   
29
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
34
0.00 %   
21
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
35
In Bone
Not Available   
0.02 p.p.m.   
30
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C   
2
1,064.43 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C   
2
2,807.00 °C   
36
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Gold   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00   
3
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa   
8
194.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa   
7
216.00 MPa   
31
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s   
15
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
95.00 %   
2
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Re   
Au   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90   
11
2.54   
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46   
15
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.87   
7
Allen Electronegativity
1.60   
21
1.92   
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10   
99+
1.46   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol   
20
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV   
7
5.10 eV   
4
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
75   
99+
79   
37
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
75   
40
79   
37
Number of Neutrons
111   
26
118   
23
Number of Electrons
75   
40
79   
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm   
40
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm   
34
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
166.00 pm   
39
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu   
36
196.97 amu   
33
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol   
99+
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Osmium
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)   
3
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm   
99+
407.82 pm   
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62   
3
1.61   
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3   
12
19.30 g/cm3   
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3   
4
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa   
3
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
29
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa   
3
27.00 GPa   
27
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa   
2
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa   
2
79.00 GPa   
24
Poisson Ratio
0.30   
14
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.02   
5
19.32   
8
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m   
20
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
33
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol   
35
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K   
38
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K   
31
318.00 W/m·K   
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)   
99+
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol   
3
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol   
2
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol   
2
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K   
99+
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
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