Rhenium Gold Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Re
Au
Group Number
7
11
11
7
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440155
99+
7440575
31
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
- It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
- It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
- Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa
Unknown
Discovery
In 1908
Before 6000 BCE
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %
29
6 * 10-8 %
26
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
21
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
- Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
- It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
35
In Bone
Not Available
0.02 p.p.m.
30
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C
2
1,064.43 °C
99+
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C
2
2,807.00 °C
36
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Gold
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00
3
2.50
14
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa
8
194.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa
7
216.00 MPa
31
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s
15
2,030.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
95.00 %
2
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Re
Au
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
36
3
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90
11
2.54
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46
15
1.42
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.87
7
Allen Electronegativity
1.60
21
1.92
5
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10
99+
1.46
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol
20
890.10 kJ/mol
8
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol
12
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr
99+
2.45 g/amp-hr
21
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV
7
5.10 eV
4
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
75
99+
79
37
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
75
40
79
37
Number of Neutrons
111
26
118
23
Number of Electrons
75
40
79
37
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm
40
151.00 pm
32
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm
34
144.00 pm
40
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
166.00 pm
39
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu
36
196.97 amu
33
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol
99+
10.20 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)
3
43.40 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm
99+
407.82 pm
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62
3
1.61
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3
12
19.30 g/cm3
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3
4
17.31 g/cm3
6
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa
3
120.00 MPa
15
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
29
67.00 (Pa)
4
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa
3
27.00 GPa
27
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa
2
180.00 GPa
9
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa
2
79.00 GPa
24
Poisson Ratio
0.30
14
0.40
4
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.02
5
19.32
8
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m
20
2.20 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
33
0.45 106/cm Ω
3
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol
35
222.80 kJ/mol
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K
38
25.42 J/mol·K
40
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K
31
318.00 W/m·K
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)
99+
14.20 µm/(m·K)
26
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol
3
324.40 kJ/mol
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol
2
12.55 kJ/mol
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol
2
364.00 kJ/mol
25
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K
99+
47.40 J/mol.K
32
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