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Rhenium Gold Comparison

Rhenium
Gold
Gold Rhenium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Re  
Au  
Group Number
7  
11
11  
7
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440155  
99+
7440575  
31
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa  
-  
Discovery
In 1908  
Before 6000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
21
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
38
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.02 p.p.m.  
35
Physical
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C  
2
1,064.43 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C  
2
2,807.00 °C  
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Gold  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa  
8
194.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa  
12
216.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s  
19
2,030.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
0.47  
99+
Reflectivity
70.00 %  
13
95.00 %  
2
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Re  
Au  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
36  
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
2.54  
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46  
16
1.42  
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.87  
15
Allen Electronegativity
1.60  
24
1.92  
7
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
1.46  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
20
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
12
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,856.00 kJ/mol  
33
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
6
6th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
37
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
24
7th Energy level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
8th Energy Level
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
20
9th Energy Level
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
20
10th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
11th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
30
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
19
12th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
39
13th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
23
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
14
14th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
20
89,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
16th Energy Level
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
15
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
760.10 kJ/mol  
36
890.10 kJ/mol  
25
18th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
26
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
14
19th Energy Level
760.40 kJ/mol  
33
890.10 kJ/mol  
23
20th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
27
890.00 kJ/mol  
13
21st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
35
22nd Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
21
890.00 kJ/mol  
11
23rd Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
38
24th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
890.10 kJ/mol  
6
25th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
890.00 kJ/mol  
5
26th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
27th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
17
890.10 kJ/mol  
4
28th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
23
890.10 kJ/mol  
7
29th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
24
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
30th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr  
99+
2.45 g/amp-hr  
25
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV  
11
5.10 eV  
8
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
75  
99+
79  
37
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
75  
40
79  
37
Number of Neutrons
111  
27
118  
24
Number of Electrons
75  
40
79  
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm  
99+
151.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm  
36
144.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
166.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu  
36
196.97 amu  
33
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol  
99+
10.20 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Osmium
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)  
3
43.40 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm  
99+
407.82 pm  
24
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
17
1.61  
18
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3  
12
19.30 g/cm3  
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3  
14
17.31 g/cm3  
16
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa  
3
120.00 MPa  
27
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
25
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
40
67.00 (Pa)  
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa  
3
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa  
2
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa  
2
79.00 GPa  
26
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.40  
4
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.02  
14
19.32  
17
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
8
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
26
0.00  
22
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m  
20
2.20 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
38
0.45 106/cm Ω  
3
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol  
99+
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K  
99+
25.42 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K  
31
318.00 W/m·K  
3
Critical Temperature
3,459.00 K  
2
1,337.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
14.20 µm/(m·K)  
29
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol  
4
324.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol  
2
12.55 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol  
2
364.00 kJ/mol  
34
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K  
99+
47.40 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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