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Rhenium Nickel Comparison

Rhenium
Nickel
Nickel Rhenium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Re  
Ni  
Group Number
7  
11
10  
8
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440155  
99+
7440020  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • After iron, Zinc metal the second most abundant element in the earth crust.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa  
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt  
Discovery
In 1908  
In 1751  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.01 %  
5
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
29
0.01 %  
3
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
1.30 %  
3
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
15
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
17
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • It has corrosion resistance and hence it is used to plate other metals.
  • Its alloys are very useful; Nichrome alloy is used in the hot coil of toasters and electric oven.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3  
17
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.70 p.p.m.  
20
Physical
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C  
2
1,453.00 °C  
31
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C  
2
2,732.00 °C  
40
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa  
8
667.00 MPa  
20
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa  
12
638.00 MPa  
24
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s  
19
4,900.00 m/s  
16
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
1.68  
28
Reflectivity
70.00 %  
13
72.00 %  
11
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Re  
Ni  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
1.91  
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.94  
12
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46  
16
1.75  
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.91  
12
Allen Electronegativity
1.60  
24
1.88  
9
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
2.09  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
20
737.10 kJ/mol  
25
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,753.00 kJ/mol  
26
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,395.00 kJ/mol  
17
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,300.00 kJ/mol  
24
5th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
7,339.00 kJ/mol  
23
6th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
37
10,400.00 kJ/mol  
15
7th Energy level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
12,800.00 kJ/mol  
10
8th Energy Level
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15,600.00 kJ/mol  
10
9th Energy Level
5,560.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18,600.00 kJ/mol  
10
10th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
31
21,670.00 kJ/mol  
14
11th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
30
30,970.00 kJ/mol  
7
12th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,000.00 kJ/mol  
29
13th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
23
37,100.00 kJ/mol  
7
14th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
20
41,500.00 kJ/mol  
8
15th Energy Level
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
20
44,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
76,000.00 kJ/mol  
15
48,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
760.10 kJ/mol  
36
55,101.00 kJ/mol  
11
18th Energy Level
7,600.00 kJ/mol  
26
58,570.00 kJ/mol  
12
19th Energy Level
760.40 kJ/mol  
33
148,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
20th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
27
159,000.00 kJ/mol  
3
21st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
169,400.00 kJ/mol  
3
22nd Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
21
182,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
23rd Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
194,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
24th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
737.10 kJ/mol  
21
25th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
737.10 kJ/mol  
21
26th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
737.10 kJ/mol  
21
27th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
17
737.10 kJ/mol  
20
28th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
23
737.10 kJ/mol  
26
29th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
24
737.10 kJ/mol  
27
30th Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol  
18
737.00 kJ/mol  
21
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.10 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV  
11
5.15 eV  
6
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
75  
99+
28  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2  
[Ar] 3d8 4s2 Or [Ar] 3d9 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Nickel.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
75  
40
28  
99+
Number of Neutrons
111  
27
31  
99+
Number of Electrons
75  
40
28  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm  
99+
124.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm  
36
124.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
163.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu  
36
58.69 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol  
99+
6.59 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Cobalt
  
Next Element
Osmium
  
Copper
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)  
3
42.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm  
99+
352.40 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
17
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3  
12
8.91 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3  
14
7.81 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa  
3
345.00 MPa  
13
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
8
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
33
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
40
19.50 (Pa)  
6
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa  
3
76.00 GPa  
12
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa  
2
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa  
2
200.00 GPa  
12
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.02  
14
8.90  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
8
0.00 H/m  
2
Susceptibility
0.00  
26
600.00  
2
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m  
20
69.30 nΩ·m  
39
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
38
0.14 106/cm Ω  
14
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol  
99+
112.00 kJ/mol  
7
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K  
99+
26.07 J/mol·K  
39
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K  
31
90.90 W/m·K  
18
Critical Temperature
3,459.00 K  
2
1,728.00 K  
35
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.40 µm/(m·K)  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol  
4
371.80 kJ/mol  
29
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol  
2
17.57 kJ/mol  
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol  
2
422.60 kJ/mol  
22
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K  
99+
29.90 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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