Rhenium Rubidium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Re
Rb
Group Number
7
11
1
17
Period Number
6
5
Block
d block
s block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkali
CAS Number
7440155
99+
7440177
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained from Lithium Production.
History
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Discovery
In 1908
In 1861
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %
29
1 * 10-6 %
16
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~0.000003 %
17
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
19
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.01 %
18
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
7
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
7
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3
7
In Bone
Not Available
5.00 p.p.m.
13
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C
2
38.89 °C
99+
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C
2
688.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Grayish White
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00
3
0.30
24
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa
8
0.22 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa
7
Not Available
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s
15
1,300.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Re
Rb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90
11
0.82
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
0.31
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46
15
0.89
40
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
0.69
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.60
21
0.71
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10
99+
3.18
3
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol
20
403.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,633.00 kJ/mol
6
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,860.00 kJ/mol
11
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol
99+
5,080.00 kJ/mol
18
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6,850.00 kJ/mol
19
6th Energy Level
Not Available
8,140.00 kJ/mol
20
7th Energy level
Not Available
9,570.00 kJ/mol
20
8th Energy Level
Not Available
13,120.00 kJ/mol
17
9th Energy Level
Not Available
14,500.00 kJ/mol
18
10th Energy Level
Not Available
26,740.00 kJ/mol
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr
99+
3.19 g/amp-hr
14
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV
7
2.16 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
75
99+
37
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
[Kr] 5s1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
75
40
37
99+
Number of Neutrons
111
26
48
99+
Number of Electrons
75
40
37
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm
40
248.00 pm
2
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm
34
220.00 pm
4
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
303.00 pm
3
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu
36
85.47 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol
99+
55.90 cm3/mol
2
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)
3
9.47 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm
99+
558.50 pm
10
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62
3
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3
12
1.53 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3
4
1.46 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa
3
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
29
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa
3
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa
2
2.50 GPa
99+
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa
2
2.40 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30
14
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.02
5
1.53
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m
20
128.00 nΩ·m
26
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
33
0.08 106/cm Ω
24
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol
35
46.90 kJ/mol
24
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.36 J/(kg K)
17
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K
38
31.06 J/mol·K
5
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K
31
58.20 W/m·K
26
Critical Temperature
Not Available
2,093.00 K
4
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)
99+
90.00 µm/(m·K)
2
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol
3
69.20 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol
2
2.19 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol
2
82.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K
99+
76.80 J/mol.K
5
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