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Rhodium
Rhodium

Gold
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Rhodium
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Rhodium vs Gold

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Rh
Au
1.2 Group Number
Tennessine
9
Rank: 9 (Overall)
11
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Gadolinium
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1.3 Period Number
Uranium
5
Rank: 3 (Overall)
6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Lithium
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1.4 Block
d block
d block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
Roentgenium
7440166
Rank: 63 (Overall)
7440575
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Aluminium
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1.7 Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
Sodium
225.00
Rank: 2 (Overall)
225.00
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Plutonium
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2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
  • Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston
Unknown
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1804
Before 6000 BCE
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
Iron
6 * 10-8 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
6 * 10-8 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
Thallium
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2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
Iron
~0.0000002 %
Rank: 25 (Overall)
~0.0000001 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
Beryllium
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2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
Iron
0.00 %
Rank: 36 (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 52 (Overall)
Gold
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2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
Aluminium
0.00 %
Rank: 55 (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 50 (Overall)
Radium
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2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
Sodium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Protactinium
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2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
Calcium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
0.00 %
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Radium
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3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
  • It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
NA
Non Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
60% Transition Metals Metals have it !
60% Transition Metals Metals have it !
3.2.3 In Blood
Sodium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 35 (Overall)
Plutonium
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3.2.4 In Bone
Calcium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
0.02 p.p.m.
Rank: 30 (Overall)
Plutonium
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4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
Tungsten
1,966.00 °C
Rank: 12 (Overall)
1,064.43 °C
Rank: 42 (Overall)
Francium
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4.2 Boiling Point
Tungsten
3,727.00 °C
Rank: 17 (Overall)
2,807.00 °C
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Flerovium
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4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Gold
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
Chromium
6.00
Rank: 6 (Overall)
2.50
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Cesium
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4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
Osmium
980.00 MPa
Rank: 9 (Overall)
194.00 MPa
Rank: 42 (Overall)
Cesium
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4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
Tungsten
1,100.00 MPa
Rank: 9 (Overall)
216.00 MPa
Rank: 31 (Overall)
Palladium
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4.5 Speed of Sound
Technetium
4,700.00 m/s
Rank: 15 (Overall)
2,030.00 m/s
Rank: 44 (Overall)
Thallium
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4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
Palladium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
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4.6.2 Reflectivity
Silver
84.00 %
Rank: 4 (Overall)
95.00 %
Rank: 2 (Overall)
Molybdenum
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4.7 Allotropes
6% Transition Metals Metals have it !
6% Transition Metals Metals have it !
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Rh
Au
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
Palladium
16
Rank: 23 (Overall)
36
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Tennessine
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5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
Gold
2.28
Rank: 3 (Overall)
2.54
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Francium
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5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
Cobalt
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Gallium
1.45
Rank: 16 (Overall)
1.42
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Polonium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
1.87
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
Berkelium
1.56
Rank: 24 (Overall)
1.92
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
Francium
1.72
Rank: 50 (Overall)
1.46
Rank: 53 (Overall)
Gold
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5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
Chromium
719.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 29 (Overall)
890.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
Chromium
1,740.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 26 (Overall)
1,980.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
Ruthenium
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5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
Chromium
2,997.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Osmium
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5.5.4 4th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Thorium
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5.5.5 5th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Dubnium
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5.5.6 6th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Seaborgium
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5.5.7 7th Energy level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bohrium
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5.5.8 8th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Hassium
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5.5.9 9th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium
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5.5.10 10th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Strontium
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5.5.11 11th Energy Level
Magnesium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium
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5.5.12 12th Energy Level
Magnesium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.13 13th Energy Level
Titanium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.14 14th Energy Level
Vanadium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.15 15th Energy Level
Chromium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Manganese
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5.5.16 16th Energy Level
Manganese
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Iron
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5.5.17 17th Energy Level
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Cobalt
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5.5.18 18th Energy Level
Cobalt
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nickel
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5.5.19 19th Energy Level
Nickel
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Copper
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5.5.20 20th Energy Level
Zinc
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.21 21st Energy Level
Zinc
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
Copper
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
Copper
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.24 24th Energy Level
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
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5.5.25 25th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
Molybdenum
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Molybdenum
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
Francium
1.28 g/amp-hr
Rank: 50 (Overall)
2.45 g/amp-hr
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Beryllium
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5.7 Electron Work Function
Platinum
4.98 eV
Rank: 6 (Overall)
5.10 eV
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Cesium
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5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
Tennessine
45
Rank: 67 (Overall)
79
Rank: 37 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d8 5s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
Tennessine
45
Rank: 66 (Overall)
79
Rank: 37 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
Flerovium
58
Rank: 49 (Overall)
118
Rank: 23 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.4.3 Number of Electrons
Tennessine
45
Rank: 66 (Overall)
79
Rank: 37 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
Cesium
134.00 pm
Rank: 43 (Overall)
151.00 pm
Rank: 32 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.5.2 Covalent Radius
Francium
142.00 pm
Rank: 42 (Overall)
144.00 pm
Rank: 40 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
Francium
200.00 pm
Rank: 28 (Overall)
166.00 pm
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Zinc
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6.6 Atomic Weight
Tennessine
102.91 amu
Rank: 61 (Overall)
196.97 amu
Rank: 33 (Overall)
Lithium
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6.7 Atomic Volume
Cesium
8.30 cm3/mol
Rank: 59 (Overall)
10.20 cm3/mol
Rank: 48 (Overall)
Manganese
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6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
Platinum
64.00 (-eV)
Rank: 22 (Overall)
43.40 (-eV)
Rank: 41 (Overall)
Francium
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6.10 Lattice Constant
Manganese
380.34 pm
Rank: 27 (Overall)
407.82 pm
Rank: 21 (Overall)
Beryllium
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6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
Cadmium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
1.61
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Beryllium
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7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
Hassium
12.41 g/cm3
Rank: 28 (Overall)
19.30 g/cm3
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Lithium
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7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Osmium
10.70 g/cm3
Rank: 14 (Overall)
17.31 g/cm3
Rank: 6 (Overall)
Lithium
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7.2 Tensile Strength
Iron
951.00 MPa
Rank: 5 (Overall)
120.00 MPa
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Indium
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7.3 Viscosity
Mercury
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Strontium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 23 (Overall)
Cerium
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7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Chromium
0.02 (Pa)
Rank: 19 (Overall)
67.00 (Pa)
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Tungsten
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7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
Osmium
150.00 GPa
Rank: 6 (Overall)
27.00 GPa
Rank: 27 (Overall)
Potassium
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7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
Osmium
275.00 GPa
Rank: 5 (Overall)
180.00 GPa
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Cesium
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7.5.3 Young's Modulus
Iridium
380.00 GPa
Rank: 5 (Overall)
79.00 GPa
Rank: 24 (Overall)
Cesium
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7.6 Poisson Ratio
Gallium
0.26
Rank: 22 (Overall)
0.40
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Beryllium
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7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
Cobalt
12.41
Rank: 20 (Overall)
19.32
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Lithium
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8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
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8.1.4 Susceptibility
Iron
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth
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8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
Mercury
43.30 nΩ·m
Rank: 46 (Overall)
2.20 nΩ·m
Rank: 53 (Overall)
Thallium
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8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
Silver
0.21 106/cm Ω
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0.45 106/cm Ω
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Plutonium
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8.2.4 Electron Affinity
Gold
109.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 7 (Overall)
222.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
Mercury
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9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
Lithium
0.24 J/(kg K)
Rank: 22 (Overall)
0.13 J/(kg K)
Rank: 39 (Overall)
Americium
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9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
Americium
24.98 J/mol·K
Rank: 45 (Overall)
25.42 J/mol·K
Rank: 40 (Overall)
Beryllium
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9.3 Thermal Conductivity
Silver
150.00 W/m·K
Rank: 9 (Overall)
318.00 W/m·K
Rank: 3 (Overall)
Neptunium
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9.4 Critical Temperature
Lithium
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Ytterbium
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9.5 Thermal Expansion
Cesium
8.20 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 47 (Overall)
14.20 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 26 (Overall)
Tungsten
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9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
Tungsten
495.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
324.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
Zinc
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9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
Tungsten
21.76 kJ/mol
Rank: 10 (Overall)
12.55 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
Cesium
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9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
Tungsten
556.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
364.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Mercury
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9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
Protactinium
31.50 J/mol.K
Rank: 49 (Overall)
47.40 J/mol.K
Rank: 32 (Overall)
Beryllium
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