Rubidium Plutonium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Rb
Pu
Group Number
1
17
0
18
Period Number
5
7
Block
s block
f block
Element Family
Alkali
Actinide
CAS Number
7440177
99+
7440075
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P121/m1
Space Group Number
229.00
1
11.00
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
Sources
Obtained from Lithium Production.
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
Discovery
In 1861
In Between 1940 1941
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.000003 %
17
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
19
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
18
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
7
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
7
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
- It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3
7
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
5.00 p.p.m.
13
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
38.89 °C
99+
639.50 °C
99+
Boiling Point
688.00 °C
99+
3,235.00 °C
24
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.30
24
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
0.22 MPa
99+
Not Available
Speed of Sound
1,300.00 m/s
99+
2,260.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Rb
Pu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
20
19
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82
99+
1.28
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.31
32
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.89
40
1.22
26
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.69
24
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.71
99+
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18
3
2.72
21
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
99+
584.70 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
2,633.00 kJ/mol
6
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,860.00 kJ/mol
11
2,084.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
5,080.00 kJ/mol
18
3,338.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
6,850.00 kJ/mol
19
Not Available
6th Energy Level
8,140.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
7th Energy level
9,570.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
8th Energy Level
13,120.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
9th Energy Level
14,500.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
10th Energy Level
26,740.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.19 g/amp-hr
14
2.28 g/amp-hr
22
Electron Work Function
2.16 eV
99+
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
37
99+
94
24
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s1
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Monoclinic (MON)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
37
99+
94
24
Number of Neutrons
48
99+
150
11
Number of Electrons
37
99+
94
24
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
248.00 pm
2
159.00 pm
28
Covalent Radius
220.00 pm
4
187.00 pm
20
Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm
3
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
85.47 amu
99+
244.00 amu
19
Atomic Volume
55.90 cm3/mol
2
12.32 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
9.47 (-eV)
99+
64.90 (-eV)
21
Lattice Constant
558.50 pm
10
618.30 pm
4
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.53 g/cm3
99+
19.82 g/cm3
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.46 g/cm3
99+
16.63 g/cm3
8
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
2.20 (Pa)
12
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
43.00 GPa
18
Bulk Modulus
2.50 GPa
99+
Not Available
Young's Modulus
2.40 GPa
99+
96.00 GPa
21
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.21
32
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
1.53
99+
19.84
7
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
128.00 nΩ·m
26
1.46 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω
24
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
46.90 kJ/mol
24
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.36 J/(kg K)
17
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
31.06 J/mol·K
5
35.50 J/mol·K
3
Thermal Conductivity
58.20 W/m·K
26
6.74 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
2,093.00 K
4
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
90.00 µm/(m·K)
2
46.70 µm/(m·K)
6
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
69.20 kJ/mol
99+
344.00 kJ/mol
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.19 kJ/mol
99+
2.82 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
82.00 kJ/mol
99+
360.00 kJ/mol
26
Standard Molar Entropy
76.80 J/mol.K
5
Not Available
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