Home
 Compare Metals

Ruthenium vs Copernicium

Ruthenium
Copernicium
Copernicium vs Ruthenium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ru  
Cn  
Group Number
8  
10
12  
6
Period Number
5  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440188  
99+
54084263  
7
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
187.00  
8
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
  • Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
  
Copernicium was first synthesized in 1996 by a German research team.  
Sources
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Karl Ernst Claus  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1844  
In 1996  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
22
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
38
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.
  • Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.
  
  • Currently known uses of Copernicium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Medical Research  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
2,250.00 °C  
8
-  
Boiling Point
3,900.00 °C  
14
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
2,160.00 MPa  
3
240.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa  
14
3,570.00 MPa  
2
Speed of Sound
5,970.00 m/s  
7
3,570.00 m/s  
30
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.60  
4
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
6.00 %  
38
45.00 %  
32
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ru  
Cn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26  
13
1  
34
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42  
19
1.90  
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.54  
28
1.90  
8
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
32
1,154.90 kJ/mol  
2
2nd Energy Level
710.22 kJ/mol  
99+
2,170.00 kJ/mol  
9
3rd Energy Level
2,747.00 kJ/mol  
38
4,245.40 kJ/mol  
9
4th Energy Level
7,107.00 kJ/mol  
12
5,499.70 kJ/mol  
23
5th Energy Level
7,107.00 kJ/mol  
27
3,570.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,107.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
37
3,570.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,850.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
32
3,570.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
35,700.00 kJ/mol  
26
13th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
710.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
71,000.00 kJ/mol  
25
35,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
71,000.00 kJ/mol  
21
35,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
99+
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
16
18th Energy Level
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
31
3,570.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
38
1,157.60 kJ/mol  
14
20th Energy Level
710.00 kJ/mol  
32
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
99+
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
28
22nd Energy Level
710.00 kJ/mol  
26
357.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
99+
357.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
25
357.60 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
710.00 kJ/mol  
26
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
25
357.60 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
25
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
30
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
2
29th Energy Level
710.20 kJ/mol  
31
1,157.00 kJ/mol  
3
30th Energy Level
710.00 kJ/mol  
25
357.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.26 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.71 eV  
14
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
44  
99+
112  
6
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d7 5s1  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
rystal-Structure-of-Ruthenium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
44  
99+
112  
6
Number of Neutrons
57  
99+
285  
1
Number of Electrons
44  
99+
112  
6
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm  
99+
147.00 pm  
36
Covalent Radius
146.00 pm  
40
122.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
101.07 amu  
99+
285.00 amu  
5
Atomic Volume
8.30 cm3/mol  
99+
17.80 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Technetium
  
Roentgenium
  
Next Element
Rhodium
  
Nihonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.00 (-eV)  
22
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
270.59 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
33
1.58  
36
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.45 g/cm3  
29
23.70 g/cm3  
7
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.65 g/cm3  
37
23.70 g/cm3  
8
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
23
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
173.00 GPa  
4
31.00 GPa  
25
Bulk Modulus
220.00 GPa  
7
35.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
447.00 GPa  
3
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
12.45  
31
23.70  
9
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
71.00 nΩ·m  
38
4.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω  
18
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
101.30 kJ/mol  
11
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)  
24
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.06 J/mol·K  
99+
13.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
117.00 W/m·K  
13
13.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,607.00 K  
9
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.80 µm/(m·K)  
31
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
567.80 kJ/mol  
13
357.20 kJ/mol  
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
25.50 kJ/mol  
7
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
603.00 kJ/mol  
10
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
28.50 J/mol.K  
99+
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!