Symbol
Rf
  
U
  
Period Number
7
  
7
  
Block
d block
  
f block
  
Element Family
Transition Metal
  
Actinide
  
Space Group Name
Not Available
  
Cmcm
  
Space Group Number
Not Available
  
Interesting Facts
- Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
- Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
- Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced
  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
  
Not Available
  
Discovery
In 1964
  
In 1789
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
  
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
  
~0.0000001 %
  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available
  
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
- The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
-
Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
Industrial Uses
NA
  
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
NA
  
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
  
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Unknown
  
Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
No
  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
37
Not Available
  
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
  
36
Not Available
  
Melting Point
2,100.00 °C
  
11
1,132.00 °C
  
39
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C
  
16
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Unknown
  
Silvery Gray
  
Luster
Unknown Luster
  
Metallic
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
2,350.00 MPa
  
2
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
1,960.00 MPa
  
2
Speed of Sound
Not Available
  
3,155.00 m/s
  
25
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Rf
  
U
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol
  
99+
597.60 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,420.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,900.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/mol
  
99+
3,145.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
Not Available
  
1.48 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
  
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
  
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
  
Atomic Volume
Not Available
  
12.59 cm3/mol
  
40
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available
  
170.00 (-eV)
  
4
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
NA
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3
  
17
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
  
Ductile, Malleable
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
  
Paramagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown
  
Poor Conductor
  
Resistivity
Not Available
  
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
  
0.04 10
6/cm Ω
  
37
Specific Heat
Not Available
  
0.12 J/(kg K)
  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
  
27.67 J/mol·K
  
15
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
  
27.50 W/m·K
  
40
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
  
13.90 µm/(m·K)
  
27
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
  
477.00 kJ/mol
  
13
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
  
15.48 kJ/mol
  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
  
489.50 kJ/mol
  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
  
50.20 J/mol.K
  
31