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Uranium Rutherfordium Comparison

Uranium
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium Uranium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
U  
Rf  
Group Number
0  
18
4  
14
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440611  
28
53850365  
13
Space Group Name
Cmcm  
-  
Space Group Number
63.00  
13
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In 1789  
In 1964  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
36
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
11
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
1.20 p.p.m.  
19
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C  
39
2,100.00 °C  
11
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C  
16
5,500.00 °C  
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
-  
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa  
2
1,300.00 MPa  
9
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa  
6
550.00 MPa  
31
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s  
36
6,100.00 m/s  
5
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.38  
40
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
U  
Rf  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25  
14
13  
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38  
29
0.00  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.38  
22
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.38  
29
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.38  
36
0.90  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62  
26
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,389.40 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,296.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,077.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,790.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11,600.00 kJ/mol  
7
7th Energy level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,970.00 kJ/mol  
34
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
58,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,976.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
579.90 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
22nd Energy Level
597.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
579.10 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
14
29th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
580.60 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV  
99+
6.00 eV  
1
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
92  
26
104  
14
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92  
26
104  
14
Number of Neutrons
146  
14
157  
8
Number of Electrons
92  
26
104  
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm  
31
150.00 pm  
35
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
157.00 pm  
33
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm  
40
250.00 pm  
10
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu  
21
267.00 amu  
11
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol  
99+
23.20 cm3/mol  
15
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)  
4
6.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.02  
99+
1.60  
22
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3  
17
23.20 g/cm3  
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3  
17
23.20 g/cm3  
9
Tensile Strength
100.00 MPa  
28
23.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
21
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)  
20
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa  
10
23.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa  
11
12.80 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80  
19
23.00  
10
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m  
99+
0.29 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K  
18
23.20 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K  
99+
0.23 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,405.00 K  
99+
2,400.00 K  
12
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)  
30
23.20 µm/(m·K)  
17
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol  
18
580.00 kJ/mol  
12
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol  
18
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K  
99+
57.60 J/mol.K  
28
Summary >>
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Actinide Series

Actinide Series

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