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Seaborgium vs Praseodymium

Seaborgium
Praseodymium
Praseodymium vs Seaborgium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sg  
Pr  
Group Number
6  
12
3  
15
Period Number
7  
6  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
54038812  
9
7440100  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Seaborgium most stable isotope is Sg and it has 2.1 min of half- life.
  • And other isotopes of Seaborgium have half-lives as short as 3 ms.
  
  • Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
  • Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
  
Sources
Synthetically Produced  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
-  
Discovery
In 1974  
In 1885  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Seaborgium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
  • This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Moderately Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
27
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
33
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
-  
935.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
3,130.00 °C  
28
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Grayish White  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
400.00 MPa  
34
481.00 MPa  
29
Vickers Hardness
520.00 MPa  
33
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s  
35
2,280.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.64  
30
Reflectivity
68.00 %  
15
60.00 %  
23
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sg  
Pr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
9  
29
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.00  
99+
1.13  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.13  
36
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.07  
33
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.13  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.90  
8
1.13  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.20  
39
2.87  
12
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
757.40 kJ/mol  
21
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,732.90 kJ/mol  
29
1,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,483.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2,086.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,415.60 kJ/mol  
99+
3,761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
4,561.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,551.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,715.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,710.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,600.00 kJ/mol  
39
5,274.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
971.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
54,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
52,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
52,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
527.30 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
527.30 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
579.00 kJ/mol  
99+
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
5,790.00 kJ/mol  
22
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
971.00 kJ/mol  
4
527.40 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
579.10 kJ/mol  
99+
527.40 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
527.40 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
527.40 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
761.90 kJ/mol  
21
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
14
1.75 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
6.00 eV  
1
2.70 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
-  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
106  
12
59  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2  
[Xe] 4f3 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
106  
12
59  
99+
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
82  
99+
Number of Electrons
106  
12
59  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
182.00 pm  
13
Covalent Radius
143.00 pm  
99+
203.00 pm  
9
Van der Waals Radius
230.00 pm  
24
239.00 pm  
18
Atomic Weight
269.00 amu  
9
140.91 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
35.00 cm3/mol  
8
20.80 cm3/mol  
25
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Dubnium
  
Cerium
  
Next Element
Bohrium
  
Neodymium
  
Valence Electron Potential
6.10 (-eV)  
99+
42.64 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
-  
367.25 pm  
32
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.36  
99+
1.61  
18
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
35.00 g/cm3  
4
6.77 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
35.00 g/cm3  
4
6.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
30.00 MPa  
99+
55.00 MPa  
37
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
27
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
13.20 (Pa)  
7
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
14.80 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
28.80 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
12.60 GPa  
99+
37.30 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.28  
16
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
35.00  
6
6.77  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
7
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
19
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.38 nΩ·m  
99+
0.70 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
0.19 J/(kg K)  
33
Molar Heat Capacity
35.00 J/mol·K  
5
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
Thermal Conductivity
0.14 W/m·K  
99+
12.50 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,200.00 K  
99+
1,208.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
585.00 kJ/mol  
10
296.80 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
6.89 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
650.00 kJ/mol  
8
368.00 kJ/mol  
33
Standard Molar Entropy
42.70 J/mol.K  
99+
73.20 J/mol.K  
10
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