1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.5 Block
1.6 Element Family
1.7 CAS Number
74402357440246
7429905
54386242
1.9 Space Group Name
1.10 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
- Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
- Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
3.2 Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
William Cruickshank
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 %4 * 10-6 %
5E-09
0.11
3.7.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.004 %~0.000005 %
1E-08
0.1
3.7.6 Abundance In Meteorites
3.7.9 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.9.2 Abundance In Oceans
3.9.3 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
- Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
-
By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
4.1.3 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.4 In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-30.03 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.1.1 In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.140.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
97.72 °C769.00 °C
27
3410
6.6 Boiling Point
883.00 °C1,384.00 °C
147
5660
6.9 Appearance
6.9.1 Physical State
6.9.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
6.9.3 Luster
6.10 Hardness
6.10.1 Mohs Hardness
6.11.2 Brinell Hardness
7.1.2 Vickers Hardness
7.2 Speed of Sound
7.4 Optical Properties
7.4.1 Refractive Index
7.5.1 Reflectivity
7.8 Allotropes
7.8.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.8.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.8.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.4 Electronegativity
8.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.6.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.8.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.10.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.1.2 Allen Electronegativity
9.2 Electropositivity
9.2.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.4 Ionization Energies
9.4.1 1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol549.50 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
10.1.2 2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol1,064.20 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
10.2.1 3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol4,138.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
10.3.3 4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol5,500.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
10.4.4 5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol6,910.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
10.4.6 6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol8,760.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
10.5.2 7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol10,230.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
10.5.4 8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol11,800.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
11.1.1 9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol15,600.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
11.1.2 10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol17,100.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
11.2.1 11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol31,270.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
11.4.1 12th Energy Level
12.1.2 13th Energy Level
12.2.3 14th Energy Level
12.3.2 15th Energy Level
12.4.3 16th Energy Level
12.4.5 17th Energy Level
12.4.8 18th Energy Level
12.5.1 19th Energy Level
12.5.2 20th Energy Level
13.1.1 21st Energy Level
13.1.2 22nd Energy Level
13.2.1 23rd Energy Level
13.3.1 24th Energy Level
13.3.2 25th Energy Level
13.4.1 26th Energy Level
13.4.2 27th Energy Level
13.5.1 28th Energy Level
13.5.2 29th Energy Level
13.6.2 30th Energy Level
13.7 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr1.64 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
13.8 Electron Work Function
13.9 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.2 Electron Configuration
14.4 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
14.4.1 Crystal Lattice
14.5 Atom
14.5.1 Number of Protons
14.5.2 Number of Neutrons
14.5.3 Number of Electrons
14.6 Radius of an Atom
14.6.1 Atomic Radius
186.00 pm215.00 pm
112
265
14.6.2 Covalent Radius
166.00 pm195.00 pm
96
260
14.6.3 Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm249.00 pm
139
348
14.7 Atomic Weight
22.99 amu87.62 amu
6.94
294
14.8 Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol33.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.9.1 Previous Element
14.9.2 Next Element
14.10 Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)25.70 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.11 Lattice Constant
429.06 pm608.49 pm
228.58
891.25
14.12 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
14.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm32.64 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm32.38 g/cm3
0.512
20
15.2 Tensile Strength
15.3 Viscosity
15.4 Vapor Pressure
15.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA121.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
15.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
15.5 Elasticity properties
15.5.1 Shear Modulus
15.5.2 Bulk Modulus
15.5.3 Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa15.70 GPa
1.7
528
15.6 Poisson Ratio
15.7 Other Mechanical Properties
16 Magnetic
16.1 Magnetic Characteristics
16.1.1 Specific Gravity
16.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
16.1.3 Permeability
16.1.4 Susceptibility
16.2 Electrical Properties
16.2.1 Electrical Property
16.2.2 Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m132.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
16.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω0.08 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
16.2.4 Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol5.03 kJ/mol
0
222.8
17 Thermal
17.1 Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)0.30 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
17.2 Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K26.40 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
17.3 Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K35.40 W/m·K
6.3
429
17.4 Critical Temperature
17.5 Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)22.50 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
17.6 Enthalpy
17.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol150.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
17.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol9.16 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
17.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol163.20 kJ/mol
61.5
837
17.7 Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K55.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1