1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
3.5 Period Number
3.6 Block
3.7 Element Family
3.8 CAS Number
74402467439932
7429905
54386242
1.2 Space Group Name
1.3 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
- Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
William Cruickshank
Johan August Arfwedson
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-6 %6 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.4 Abundance In Sun
~0.000005 %~0.00017 %
1E-08
0.1
3.2.6 Abundance In Meteorites
5.1.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
5.2.1 Abundance In Oceans
6.1.1 Abundance In Humans
7 Uses
7.1 Uses & Benefits
- Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
-
By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
7.1.1 Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
7.1.2 Medical Uses
7.1.3 Other Uses
7.2 Biological Properties
7.2.1 Toxicity
7.2.2 Present in Human Body
7.2.3 In Blood
0.03 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
7.2.6 In Bone
140.00 p.p.m.1.30 p.p.m.
0
170000
8 Physical
8.1 Melting Point
769.00 °C180.54 °C
27
3410
8.4 Boiling Point
1,384.00 °C1,347.00 °C
147
5660
8.6 Appearance
8.6.1 Physical State
8.6.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
8.6.3 Luster
8.7 Hardness
8.7.1 Mohs Hardness
9.4.1 Brinell Hardness
10.6.2 Vickers Hardness
10.7 Speed of Sound
10.8 Optical Properties
10.8.1 Refractive Index
10.8.4 Reflectivity
10.11 Allotropes
10.11.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.11.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
10.11.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
11 Chemical
11.1 Chemical Formula
11.2 Isotopes
11.2.1 Known Isotopes
11.4 Electronegativity
11.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
11.5.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
11.5.9 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
11.5.12 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
11.5.15 Allen Electronegativity
11.6 Electropositivity
11.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
11.7 Ionization Energies
11.7.1 1st Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol520.20 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
11.7.5 2nd Energy Level
1,064.20 kJ/mol7,298.10 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
11.7.8 3rd Energy Level
4,138.00 kJ/mol11,815.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
11.7.13 4th Energy Level
5,500.00 kJ/molNA
2780
37066
11.7.17 5th Energy Level
6,910.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
11.7.22 6th Energy Level
8,760.00 kJ/molNA
5715.8
105800
11.7.26 7th Energy level
10,230.00 kJ/molNA
7226.8
114300
11.7.30 8th Energy Level
11,800.00 kJ/molNA
8857.4
125300
11.7.33 9th Energy Level
15,600.00 kJ/molNA
14110
134700
11.9.1 10th Energy Level
17,100.00 kJ/molNA
17100
144300
12.1.1 11th Energy Level
31,270.00 kJ/molNA
19900
169988
12.4.4 12th Energy Level
12.5.2 13th Energy Level
12.5.6 14th Energy Level
12.7.1 15th Energy Level
12.9.1 16th Energy Level
12.10.2 17th Energy Level
13.1.3 18th Energy Level
13.1.6 19th Energy Level
13.3.1 20th Energy Level
13.4.3 21st Energy Level
13.5.2 22nd Energy Level
13.6.2 23rd Energy Level
13.7.1 24th Energy Level
13.7.2 25th Energy Level
13.7.4 26th Energy Level
14.1.1 27th Energy Level
14.1.2 28th Energy Level
14.2.1 29th Energy Level
14.5.2 30th Energy Level
14.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.64 g/amp-hr0.26 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
15.2 Electron Work Function
15.3 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
16 Atomic
16.1 Atomic Number
16.2 Electron Configuration
16.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
16.3.1 Crystal Lattice
16.4 Atom
16.4.1 Number of Protons
16.4.3 Number of Neutrons
16.5.3 Number of Electrons
16.7 Radius of an Atom
16.7.1 Atomic Radius
215.00 pm152.00 pm
112
265
16.7.3 Covalent Radius
195.00 pm128.00 pm
96
260
16.7.5 Van der Waals Radius
249.00 pm182.00 pm
139
348
16.8 Atomic Weight
87.62 amu6.94 amu
6.94
294
16.10 Atomic Volume
33.70 cm3/mol13.10 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
17.4 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
17.4.1 Previous Element
17.4.2 Next Element
17.5 Valence Electron Potential
25.70 (-eV)19.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
17.9 Lattice Constant
608.49 pm351.00 pm
228.58
891.25
17.12 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
17.13 Lattice C/A Ratio
18 Mechanical
18.1 Density
18.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
2.64 g/cm30.53 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
19.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm30.51 g/cm3
0.512
20
19.4 Tensile Strength
19.6 Viscosity
19.8 Vapor Pressure
19.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
121.00 (Pa)109.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
19.9.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
19.11 Elasticity properties
19.11.1 Shear Modulus
1.2.2 Bulk Modulus
1.2.5 Young's Modulus
15.70 GPa4.90 GPa
1.7
528
1.4 Poisson Ratio
1.7 Other Mechanical Properties
2 Magnetic
2.1 Magnetic Characteristics
2.1.1 Specific Gravity
2.2.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
2.2.3 Permeability
3.1.3 Susceptibility
3.3 Electrical Properties
3.3.1 Electrical Property
3.3.2 Resistivity
132.00 nΩ·m92.80 nΩ·m
0.18
961
3.4.4 Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω0.11 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
3.4.6 Electron Affinity
5.03 kJ/mol59.60 kJ/mol
0
222.8
4 Thermal
4.1 Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)3.60 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
4.3 Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K24.86 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
5.3 Thermal Conductivity
35.40 W/m·K84.80 W/m·K
6.3
429
5.5 Critical Temperature
5.6 Thermal Expansion
22.50 µm/(m·K)46.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
5.8 Enthalpy
5.8.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol134.70 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
5.9.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
9.16 kJ/mol3.00 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
5.10.1 Enthalpy of Atomization
163.20 kJ/mol160.70 kJ/mol
61.5
837
5.12 Standard Molar Entropy
55.00 J/mol.K29.10 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1