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Tantalum vs Molybdenum

Tantalum
Molybdenum
Molybdenum vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta  
Mo  
Group Number
5  
13
6  
12
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440257  
99+
7439987  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Carl Wilhelm Scheele  
Discovery
In 1802  
In 1778  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
32
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
31
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
17
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
0.70 p.p.m.  
20
Physical
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C  
4
2,617.00 °C  
5
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C  
4
4,612.00 °C  
9
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray Blue  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa  
33
1,370.00 MPa  
7
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa  
19
1,400.00 MPa  
11
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s  
33
5,400.00 m/s  
9
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.15  
10
2.00  
15
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
58.00 %  
25
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ta  
Mo  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50  
28
2.16  
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
1.15  
34
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33  
23
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.50  
26
2.16  
7
Allen Electronegativity
1.34  
38
2.16  
3
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
1.84  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
684.30 kJ/mol  
37
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,560.00 kJ/mol  
38
3rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,618.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
36
5th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
5,257.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
6,640.80 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
12,125.00 kJ/mol  
13
8th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
13,860.00 kJ/mol  
16
9th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
15,835.00 kJ/mol  
16
10th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
17,980.00 kJ/mol  
18
11th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
20,190.00 kJ/mol  
17
12th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22,219.00 kJ/mol  
38
13th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
26,930.00 kJ/mol  
13
14th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
29,196.00 kJ/mol  
13
15th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
52,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
55,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
61,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
18th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
19th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
74,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
20th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
21st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
22nd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
23rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
98,420.00 kJ/mol  
6
24th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
104,400.00 kJ/mol  
2
25th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
121,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
26th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
127,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
27th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
133,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
28th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
139,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
29th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
148,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
30th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
154,500.00 kJ/mol  
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.89 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
28
4.60 eV  
17
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
73  
99+
42  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
[Kr] 4d5 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73  
99+
42  
99+
Number of Neutrons
108  
29
54  
99+
Number of Electrons
73  
99+
42  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm  
37
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm  
27
154.00 pm  
34
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu  
38
95.95 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
9.40 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Niobium
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Technetium
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)  
7
88.60 (-eV)  
13
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm  
99+
314.70 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.41  
99+
1.03  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3  
18
10.28 g/cm3  
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3  
23
9.33 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
180.00 MPa  
20
324.00 MPa  
15
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
5
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
27
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa  
13
126.00 GPa  
8
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa  
8
230.00 GPa  
6
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa  
14
329.00 GPa  
6
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65  
20
10.22  
40
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
27
0.00  
29
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
53.40 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
0.19 106/cm Ω  
11
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
71.90 kJ/mol  
16
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
0.25 J/(kg K)  
21
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
24.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K  
27
138.00 W/m·K  
12
Critical Temperature
3,290.00 K  
4
2,896.00 K  
6
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
4.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
594.10 kJ/mol  
9
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
27.61 kJ/mol  
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
653.00 kJ/mol  
7
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
28.70 J/mol.K  
99+
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