1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.3 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.6 Block
1.7 Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
1.8 CAS Number
744028022537195
7429905
54386242
2.3 Space Group Name
2.4 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Compounds of Thallium metal are highly Toxic.
- Thallium metal is being suspected as a human carcinogen.
- It is synthetically produced metal.
- Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
3.2 Sources
Found As a By-product, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
William Crookes
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
3.4.4 Abundance In Meteorites
3.4.6 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.8 Abundance In Oceans
3.4.10 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Thallium is a toxic metal and hence it has limited uses. Thallium metal is mostly used for producing photoelectric cells.
- In thermometer’s mercury alloy has 8% of thallium, as it has a melting point lower than 20°C.
- Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.3.2 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
303.50 °C1,627.00 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
5.3 Appearance
5.3.1 Physical State
5.3.2 Color
5.3.3 Luster
5.4 Hardness
5.4.1 Mohs Hardness
5.4.4 Brinell Hardness
5.4.6 Vickers Hardness
5.5 Speed of Sound
5.6 Optical Properties
5.6.1 Refractive Index
5.6.3 Reflectivity
5.7 Allotropes
5.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
6 Chemical
6.1 Chemical Formula
6.2 Isotopes
6.2.1 Known Isotopes
6.3 Electronegativity
6.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
6.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
6.3.4 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
6.3.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
6.3.8 Allen Electronegativity
6.4 Electropositivity
6.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
6.5 Ionization Energies
6.5.1 1st Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol470.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.5.3 2nd Energy Level
1,971.00 kJ/mol1,428.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.5.5 3rd Energy Level
2,878.00 kJ/mol2,228.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
6.5.7 4th Energy Level
NA4,910.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
6.5.10 5th Energy Level
6.5.12 6th Energy Level
6.5.14 7th Energy level
6.5.16 8th Energy Level
6.5.18 9th Energy Level
6.5.20 10th Energy Level
6.5.23 11th Energy Level
6.5.25 12th Energy Level
6.6.1 13th Energy Level
6.7.1 14th Energy Level
7.1.1 15th Energy Level
7.1.2 16th Energy Level
7.4.2 17th Energy Level
7.4.3 18th Energy Level
7.4.5 19th Energy Level
7.4.7 20th Energy Level
7.4.8 21st Energy Level
7.4.9 22nd Energy Level
7.5.2 23rd Energy Level
7.5.4 24th Energy Level
7.5.6 25th Energy Level
7.5.7 26th Energy Level
7.6.1 27th Energy Level
7.6.2 28th Energy Level
7.7.1 29th Energy Level
7.7.2 30th Energy Level
7.10 Electrochemical Equivalent
7.63 g/amp-hr3.23 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
7.12 Electron Work Function
7.15 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
8 Atomic
8.1 Atomic Number
9.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1
9.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
9.3.1 Crystal Lattice
9.4 Atom
9.4.1 Number of Protons
9.4.3 Number of Neutrons
9.5.1 Number of Electrons
9.8 Radius of an Atom
9.8.1 Atomic Radius
9.8.3 Covalent Radius
9.9.2 Van der Waals Radius
196.00 pm246.00 pm
139
348
9.10 Atomic Weight
204.38 amu266.00 amu
6.94
294
9.11 Atomic Volume
17.20 cm3/molNA
1.39
71.07
9.12 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
9.12.1 Previous Element
9.12.2 Next Element
9.13 Valence Electron Potential
9.15 Lattice Constant
345.66 pmNA
228.58
891.25
10.2 Lattice Angles
10.3 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
11.1.5 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
11.3 Tensile Strength
11.4 Viscosity
11.5 Vapor Pressure
11.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.90 (Pa)NA
2.47E-11
121
11.5.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.6 Elasticity properties
11.6.1 Shear Modulus
12.1.1 Bulk Modulus
12.2.1 Young's Modulus
12.4 Poisson Ratio
12.6 Other Mechanical Properties
13 Magnetic
13.1 Magnetic Characteristics
13.1.1 Specific Gravity
13.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
13.2.1 Permeability
13.2.2 Susceptibility
13.4 Electrical Properties
13.4.1 Electrical Property
13.4.2 Resistivity
13.4.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.06 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
13.4.5 Electron Affinity
14 Thermal
14.1 Specific Heat
14.3 Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
14.4 Thermal Conductivity
14.5 Critical Temperature
14.6 Thermal Expansion
14.7 Enthalpy
14.7.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
162.10 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
14.7.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
14.7.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
14.8 Standard Molar Entropy
64.20 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1