1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
1.6 CAS Number
74403157439998
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
Not Available
2.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Unknown
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.7 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.9 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.10 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
- Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
-
Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
3.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.5 In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
231.90 °C640.00 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C3,902.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.3 Brinell Hardness
4.4.5 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.3 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.6 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.8 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.4.1 Allen Electronegativity
5.5 Electropositivity
5.5.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.7 Ionization Energies
5.7.1 1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol604.50 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
6.1.1 2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol1,128.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
6.1.2 3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol1,997.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
6.4.2 4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol3,242.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
6.4.3 5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/molNA
4305.2
97510
6.4.5 6th Energy Level
6.4.6 7th Energy level
6.4.8 8th Energy Level
6.4.9 9th Energy Level
6.5.2 10th Energy Level
6.5.4 11th Energy Level
6.5.6 12th Energy Level
6.6.1 13th Energy Level
6.6.2 14th Energy Level
6.7.1 15th Energy Level
6.9.1 16th Energy Level
6.9.2 17th Energy Level
6.10.1 18th Energy Level
6.12.1 19th Energy Level
7.1.2 20th Energy Level
7.1.3 21st Energy Level
7.1.4 22nd Energy Level
7.1.6 23rd Energy Level
7.1.7 24th Energy Level
7.2.1 25th Energy Level
7.3.1 26th Energy Level
7.4.2 27th Energy Level
7.4.3 28th Energy Level
7.4.5 29th Energy Level
7.4.6 30th Energy Level
7.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr1.77 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
7.7 Electron Work Function
7.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
8 Atomic
8.1 Atomic Number
8.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2
8.3 Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
8.3.1 Crystal Lattice
8.4 Atom
8.4.1 Number of Protons
8.5.1 Number of Neutrons
9.1.2 Number of Electrons
9.2 Radius of an Atom
9.2.1 Atomic Radius
140.00 pm155.00 pm
112
265
9.2.2 Covalent Radius
139.00 pm190.00 pm
96
260
9.2.4 Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm221.00 pm
139
348
9.4 Atomic Weight
118.71 amu237.00 amu
6.94
294
9.5 Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol11.62 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
9.6 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
9.6.1 Previous Element
9.6.2 Next Element
9.7 Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)96.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
9.8 Lattice Constant
583.18 pm666.30 pm
228.58
891.25
9.9 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
9.10 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm319.38 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
11.4 Tensile Strength
11.5 Viscosity
11.7 Vapor Pressure
11.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
11.8.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.9 Elasticity properties
11.9.1 Shear Modulus
11.10.2 Bulk Modulus
11.10.4 Young's Modulus
11.11 Poisson Ratio
11.12 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile
12 Magnetic
12.1 Magnetic Characteristics
12.1.1 Specific Gravity
12.2.1 Magnetic Ordering
12.2.2 Permeability
12.2.3 Susceptibility
12.3 Electrical Properties
12.3.1 Electrical Property
12.3.2 Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m1.22 nΩ·m
0.18
961
12.3.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
12.3.4 Electron Affinity
13 Thermal
13.1 Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
13.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K29.46 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
13.3 Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K6.30 W/m·K
6.3
429
13.4 Critical Temperature
13.5 Thermal Expansion
13.6 Enthalpy
13.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
13.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol3.20 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
13.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
13.7 Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1