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Uranium Niobium Comparison

Uranium
Niobium
Niobium Uranium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
U   
Nb   
Group Number
0   
18
5   
13
Period Number
7   
5   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440611   
28
7440031   
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
63.00   
10
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Niobium metal was used to get called Columbium in past.
  • Niobium metal found freely in nature (abundance).
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
By-product of Tin Extraction, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Charles Hatchett   
Discovery
In 1789   
In 1801   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %   
29
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000004 %   
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
35
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
36
0.00 %   
25
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
11
0.00 %   
34
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • Niobium alloys are used in jet engines and rockets and spacecraft, beams and girders for buildings and oil and gas pipelines.
  • It is used superconducting magnets in particles accelerators, NMR and MRI equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
25
In Bone
Not Available   
0.07 p.p.m.   
25
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C   
39
2,468.00 °C   
6
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C   
16
2,468.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa   
2
735.00 MPa   
14
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa   
2
870.00 MPa   
12
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s   
25
3,480.00 m/s   
21
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U   
Nb   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25   
14
17   
22
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38   
28
1.60   
23
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.42   
16
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.23   
25
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.41   
31
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62   
26
2.40   
31
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol   
99+
652.10 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,416.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,700.00 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,877.00 kJ/mol   
36
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,847.00 kJ/mol   
11
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,100.00 kJ/mol   
14
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV   
30
4.30 eV   
18
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92   
26
41   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2   
[Kr] 4d4 5s1   
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92   
26
41   
99+
Number of Neutrons
146   
13
52   
99+
Number of Electrons
92   
26
41   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm   
29
146.00 pm   
35
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm   
14
164.00 pm   
28
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm   
33
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu   
21
92.91 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol   
40
10.87 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Zirconium
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Molybdenum
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)   
4
104.00 (-eV)   
8
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm   
99+
330.04 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3   
17
8.57 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3   
7
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
330.00 MPa   
12
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)   
20
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa   
10
38.00 GPa   
19
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa   
16
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa   
10
105.00 GPa   
20
Poisson Ratio
0.23   
30
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80   
10
8.57   
37
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m   
99+
152.00 nΩ·m   
23
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω   
37
0.07 106/cm Ω   
28
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
86.10 kJ/mol   
12
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.26 J/(kg K)   
20
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K   
15
24.60 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K   
40
53.70 W/m·K   
29
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)   
27
7.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol   
13
696.60 kJ/mol   
4
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
27.20 kJ/mol   
6
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol   
14
745.00 kJ/mol   
4
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K   
31
36.40 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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